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"On March 5, 1999 Indonesia passed a Prohibition of Monopolistic Practices and Unfair Business Competition Policy, known as Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1999. This Policy was made to prevent the monopoly practice and unfair competition, and to provide the society with a policy to regulate the Indonesian market. The objectives of this policy were largely determined by the need to establish a common market. (it means that without a spesific policy or regulation, it is very difficult to control the trading practices and market structures). In the control of restrictive trade practices, there the need to prove the unfair competition practices exist. The Prohibition of Monopolistic Practices and Unfair Business Competition Policy gives authority to abort any agreements that cause monopoly practice and unfair competition. The Supervisory Comission for Business Competition, known as Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha (KPPU), is the one and only that has such authority. As an independent commission, it reports directly to the President, which means the Supervisory Commision for Business Competition has the full authority to keep the competition in Indonesia in the right way according to the Prohibition of Monopolistic and Unfair Business Competition Policy. From this present and to the future, let us hope that the Supervisory Commission for Business Competition will run their job effectivel. (it is also our responsibility to support the Commision in Achieving its objective to establish a fair competition in the Indonesian economy) "

"Latar belakang: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan perbedaan rerata nilai rasio Kolagen I (Kol I)/Nitric Oxide(NO), Kolagen IV (Kol IV)/NO, Tissue Factor (TF)/NO, P-selectin (P-sel)/NO antara pasien dengan trombosis vena dalam (TVD) positif dan TVD negatif, pasca traumatisasi spongiosa meta-epifisis sendi panggul dan lutut pada operasi besar ortopedi.Metode: Studi observasional kohort prospektif kasus operasi ortopedi tanpa tromboprofilaksis pada 69 pasien berumur > 50 tahun. Pemeriksaan kadar serum biomarker Kol I, Kol IV, TF, P-sel, dan NO dilakukan tiga kali yaitu sebelum operasi, 72 jam sesudah operasi, dan 144 jam sesudah operasi, masing-masing untuk melihat perbedaan rerata kadar biomarker dan rerata nilai rasio protrombogenik/ antitrombogenik (Kol I/NO, Kol IV/NO, TF/NO dan P-sel/NO) pada 72 jam dan 144 jam sesudah operasi antara pasien TVD positif dan TVD negatif. Kejadian TVD dikonfirmasi pada 144 jam sesudah operasi dengan venografi (kecuali pada 8 kasus yang dikonfirmasi dengan USG color Doppler karena kontra indikasi zat warna).Hasil: Kejadian TVD positif didapatkan pada 18 pasien (26,1%). Perbedaan rerata kadar antara TVD positif dan TVD negatif ditemukan pada Kol IV sebelum operasi (p = 0,022) dan pada NO 72 jam sesudah operasi (p = 0,014). Perbedaan rerata nilai rasio protrombogenik/ antitrombogenik antara TVD positif dan TVD negatif ditemukan pada rasio Kol IV/NO, TF/NO, dan P-sel/NO pada 72 jam sesudah operasi (p = 0,007; p = 0,028; p = 0,049), dengan median yang lebih rendah pada pasien dengan TVD positif. Sedangkan pada 144 jam sesudah operasi, perbedaan rerata nilai rasio hanya ditemukan pada rasio Kol IV/NO (p = 0,014) dengan nilai median yang lebih tinggi dari median pada 72 jam sesudah operasi.Kesimpulan: Kejadian TVD pada traumatisasi spongiosa meta-epifisis pasca operasi besar ortopedi sendi panggul dan lutut dipengaruhi oleh keseimbangan protrombogenik dan antitrombogenik yang ditunjukkan dengan adanya perbedaan rasio Kol IV/NO, TF/NO dan Psel/NO pada 72 jam dan rasio Kol IV/NO pada 144 jam sesudah operasi antara TVD positif dan TVD negatif.

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AbstractBackground: This study was aimed to show differences in the mean values of Collagen I (Col I)/Nitric Oxide (NO), Collagen IV (Col IV)/NO, Tissue Factor (TF)/NO, and P-selectin (P-sel)/NO ratios between patients with DVT and those without DVT, following hip and knee meta-epiphyseal cancellous bone traumatization in major orthopedic surgeries.Methods: This is an observational prospective cohort study on 69 patients aged > 50 years, who had orthopedic surgery without thromboprophylaxis. Examination of serum Col I, Col IV, TF, P-sel, and NO biomarker levels were performed three times, i.e. before surgery, 72 hours and 144 hours after surgery. We looked for the differences in mean levels of biomarkers, and mean ratio values of the prothrombogenic/ antithrombogenic (Col I/NO, Col IV/NO, TF/NO, P-sel/NO) at 72 hours and 144 hours post surgery between patients with DVT and those without. DVT events, which were confirmed at 144 hours post surgery by venography (with the exception of 8 cases where color Doppler ultrasound was done due to contrast usage contraindications).Results: DVTs were identified in 18 patients (26.1%). There were significant differences of mean levels in pre-surgical Col IV (p = 0.022) and 72 hours NO (p = 0.014) between patients with and without DVT. In addition, between the same two patient groups, significant differences were found in the mean values of the prothrombogenic/antithrombogenic ratios, i.e. Col IV/NO, TF/NO, and P-sel/NO at 72 hours post-surgery (p = 0.007, p = 0.028, and p = 0.049 respectively), with lower median values that were found in subjects with DVT. At 144-hours post surgery, the only significant ratio difference between the two groups was the mean values of Col IV/NO ratio (p = 0.014) with the median values that were higher than the median values at 72-hours post surgery .Conclusion: The incidence of DVT following traumatization of the meta-epiphyseal cancellous bone after major orthopedic surgeries in hip and knee is influenced by the balance of prothrombogenic and antithrombogenic factors as shown by the significant differences in Col IV/NO, TF/NO and P-sel/NO ratios at 72-hours and Col IV/NO ratio at 144 hours after surgery between DVT positive and DVT negative patients."

"Tujuan: Proses penuaan merupakan faktor risiko utama terjadinya penyakit degeneratif, termasuk gangguan kognitif. Sejumlah studi menjelaskan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara penurunan fungsi kognitif dengan kadar testosteron yang rendah. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kadar testosteron dan fungsi kognitif pada lakilaki yang sudah memperlihatkan penurunan kognitif ringan. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang pada laki-laki usia di atas 50 tahun di klinik Neuroscience Siloam Hospitals, Lippo Karawaci, Tangerang antara tahun 2002-2004. Subyek penelitian merupakan pasien yang merasa mengalami penurunan fungsi kognitif. Penilaian fungsi kognitif dilakukan dengan menggunakan 30 butir pertanyaan Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Kadar testosteron diukur secara ELFA (Enzyme Linked Fluorescent Assay). Hasil: Dalam penelitian ini berhasil direkrut 112 orang subyek penelitian, dengan median usia 64 tahun. Sebanyak 101 orang menjalani pemeriksaan fungsi kognitif dan pemeriksaan kadar testosteron. Rerata skor MMSE adalah 26 + 3.2, sedangkan rerata kadar testosteron adalah 14.7 + 5.72 nmol/L. Kesimpulan: Tidak ada korelasi yang signifikan antara skor MMSE dan kadar testosteron (r=0,038). Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada laki-laki berusia 50 tahun ke atas dengan keluhan penurunan kognitif memiliki penurunan skor MMSE tetapi memiliki kadar testosteron dalam batas yang normal. Tidak ditemukan adanya korelasi antara skor MMSE dan kadar testosteron, hal ini mungkin disebabkan karena sebagian besar pasien telah memiliki kadar testosteron yang rendah.

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AbstractAim: The Aging process is a major risk factor for the development of degenerative diseases, including cognitive impairment. Many studies have shown that reduced cognitive function is associated with low testosterone levels. This study was aimed to know the association between serum testosterone level and cognitive functions in men who showed mild cognitive impairment. Method: This was a cross-sectional study in men aged 50 years or more in Neuroscience Clinic Siloam Hospitals,Lippo Karawaci, Tangerang between 2002 and 2004. Subjects were patients who complained of decreasing cognitive function. Cognitive function was assessed by using the 30-point Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) questionnaires. Testosterone level was measured by using the enzyme-linked fluorescent assay (ELFA) method. Results: A total of 112 men were recruited during the study period. The median age was 64 years old. One-hundred and one subjects underwent cognitive function test and serum testosterone assay. The mean MMSE score was 26 + 3.2 points,whereas the mean testosterone level was 14.7 + 5.72 nmol/L. Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between the MMSE score and testosterone level (r=0,038). This study showed that men aged 50 years and above with symptoms of declined cognitive function have decreasing MMSE scores but were still within the normal range of testosterone levels. No correlation was found between MMSE scores and testosterone levels since most subjects were eugonadal."

"ABSTRAKThis research aims to find out how significant the mindset, leadership, and family values influence the organizational culture of family firms. This research is a quantitative research which uses questionnaires as the data collection method. The population of this research is the students of University of Ciputra who attend the Family Business class in the odd semester of 2016 Entrepreneurship subject. There are 59 respondents data which fit as samples of this research and the data is processed by using the Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis method. The result of this research shows that (1) mindset significantly affects leadership, (2) leadership does not significantly affect the organizational culture of family firms, (3) mindset significantly affects family values, (4) family values significantly affect the organizational culture of family firms, (5) family values do not significantly affect leadership, (6) mindset does not significantly affect the organizational culture of family firms, and (7) the organizational culture of family firms can be formed by the leaders mindset which are reflected through the family values believed and applied within the companies."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) memahami dan menganalisis pengaruh situasional (produksi) faktor situasional dan non, secara simultan maupun parsial, pada keputusan pembelian konsumen di hypermart di Kota Manado, (2) memahami dan faktor menganalisis dengan efek dominan pada beli konsumen keputusan di hypermart di Kota Manado. diamati situasional dan non situasional (produk) yang Faktor melalui Teori Belk. Sampling telah dikembangkan melalui accidental sampling, sehingga 60 responden. Data telah dikumpulkan oleh instrumen utama dari kuesioner, 5-point skala Likert untuk mengukur jawaban responden, analisis data menggunakan regresi linier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor situasional dan produk memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan secara simultan maupun parsial terhadap keputusan pembelian konsumen di hypermart di Kota Manado dan bermacam-macam produk berpengaruh dominan terhadap keputusan pembelian konsumen di hypermart di Kota Manado."

"Budaya merupakan salah satu variabel yang penting dalam memahami perilaku manusia. Budaya terdiri dari beragam elemen seperti bahasa, mitos, ritual, kebiasaan, benda artefak, hukum, dan nilai. Nilai merupakan elemen utama yang dapat menggambarkan budaya. Untuk memahami nilai orang Indonesia, survei dilakukan di beberapa kota seperti Jakarta, Bandung, Semarang, dan Surabaya di tahun 2011. Survei tersebut melibatkan 2.000 responden yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasikan nilai-nilai bangsa Indonesia saat ini. Hasil survei menunjukkan bahwa nilai-nilai bangsa Indonesia dapat digambarkan dengan 35 indikator yang membentuk 7 dimensi, yaitu: gotong royong, demokrasi, keagamaan, harmoni, ramah tamah, fanatisme keagamaan, dan individualisme. Akan tetapi, jumlah 35 indikator dapat menyebabkan beberapa masalah seperti kuesioner menjadi lebih panjang dan jumlah persyaratan sampel. Bentuk skala yang lebih singkat dibutuhkan untuk memahami budaya Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan bentuk yang singkat untuk mengukur nilai-nilai bangsa Indonesia melalui analisis yang meliputi dimensionalitas, keandalan, dan validitas ukuran. Survey dilakukan dengan menyebarkan 1.000 kuesioner di Jakarta, Tangerang, Bandung, Semarang, dan Surabaya di tahun 2013. Hasil analisis menghasilkan bentuk singkat yang terdiri dari 13 indikator yang membentuk 3 dimensi utama, yaitu: keagamaan, demokrasi, dan harmoni. Artikel ini menyampaikan analisis data, pembahasan hasil temuan, keterbatasan penelitian, dan arahan untuk penelitian selanjutnya.

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Culture is an important variable that influences people?s behavior. Culture involves several elements, such as language, myth, ritual, custom, artifact, law, and values. However, values are known as the most important elements in describing culture. In 2011, a survey was conducted in Jakarta, Bandung, Semarang, and Surabaya with 2,000 respondents to identify current Indonesian values. The results showed that Indonesian values could be operationalized with 35 items and seven dimensions of mutual assistance: democracy, religion, harmony, hospitality, religious fanaticism, and individualism. On the other hand, the extensive number of Indonesian values items (i.e., 35 items) may have several practical problems, such as longer questionnaires and sample requirements. Therefore, a short-form scale of Indonesian values is needed to enhance the understanding of Indonesian culture through its values. This research aimed to provide a short-form instrument for understanding Indonesian values. Specifically, this research explores psychometric assessments, including the dimensionality, reliability, and validity of the original and short-form scales of Indonesian values. In 2013, a survey with more than 1,000 questionnaires was distributed in Jakarta, Tangerang, Bandung, Semarang, and Surabaya. This research produced a short-form scale of Indonesian values that involves 13 items and the three dimensions of religion, democracy, and harmony. This paper provides an analysis of the data, a discussion of the findings, research limitations, and directions for future research."