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Abstrak :
The Influence of Contractors Involvement in Engineering Procurement Phase to Construction Project Cost Performance in IndonesiaThe structure of the construction industry is very complex due to the involvement of a wide range of contractors including main contractors, subcontractors and design consultant. The amount of participants in the actual construction process requires various relationships and joint combination often leading to lower levels of performance in construction projects. In Indonesia, there are many construction projects that are performed in a traditional manner, where designers and contractors are given work in separate contracts. Contractors generally get involved in the construction phase. After completing planning, design and specifications, the designer embarks on supervision in the construction phase. In 1986, The Construction Industry Institute, in Austin, USA, defined Constructability as the optimum use of construction knowledge and experience in planning, engineering, and procurement and construction field operations to achieve overall project objectives. This research was carried out in order to complete the requirement of Magister Program Curriculum in The Department of Civil Engineering, Postgraduate Program of The University of Indonesia. It is mainly aimed to investigate the relationship between the contractors personnel involvement in engineering and procurement phases with the construction project cost performance in Indonesia. Data of the research were obtained through questionnaires returned from contractor companies that performed many kinds of construction projects completed over the last decade between 1987-1997 in Indonesia. The method chosen for the research was a descriptive-analysis type relying on data compiled and verified from the samples of the construction projects. Both quantitative and qualitative analysis utilizing correlation and multiple regression to establish a model of the relationships. The final model after being subjected to the needed statistical tests provided clear evidence about the influence of constructability variables as in contractor personnel involvement in engineering and procurement phases to construction project cost performance in Indonesia The significant contractor personnel variables were found to be carefully assign appropriate construction personnel who has the required experience and team approach to the project team and make timely input to design to avoid the need for changes.

Abstrak :
Era globalisasi di Indonesia di mulai pada tahun 2003. Era globalisasi terjadi pada semua industri termasuk industri konstruksi. Perusahaan kontraktor sebagai salah satu pelaku dalam industri konstruksi harus segera mempersiapkan diri dan harus mengidentifikasi kesiapannya dengan mengetahui faktor-faktor internal (kekuatan dan kelemahan) dan eksternal (peluang dan ancaman) agar dapat bersaing dalam era globalisasi. Perusahaan kontraktor Indonesia harus mempersiapkan diri untuk menghadapi era globalisasi. Dengan menentukan parameter dari faktor-faktor internal dan eksternal dari kajian literatur, yang selanjutnya dengan metoda statistik, analisa faktor-faktor internal dan eksternal serta Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) maka akan dapat diketahui kondisi kesiapan perusahaan kontraktor Indonesia dan faktor-faktor internal dan eksternal yang dominan yang mempengaruhi kesiapan kontraktor Indonesia dalam era globalisasi. Dari hasil dari penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa perusahaan kontraktor Indonesia tidak siap menghadapi persaingan pada era globalisasi dan ketidaksiapan terbesar terjadi dari sisi faktor internal kontraktor Indonesia. Untuk secara keseluruhan, faktor-faktor internal dan 'eksternal dominan yang menyebabkan ketidaksiapan adalah perencanaan visi dan misi perusahaan dalam jangka pendek, menengah dan panjang, kurangnya kepemilikan sertifikat ISO-9000, kurangnya pengalaman perusahaan dalam proyek internasional, terbatasnya jumlah sumber daya manusia perusahaan yang terampil, professional, dan tersertifikasi, kondisi ekonomi nasional Indonesia, lokasi pasar (proyek) di dalam negeri, kondisi stabilitas politik di Indonesia, lemahnya pelaksanaan aturan dan peraturan yang berubah-ubah, budaya KKN dalam tender di Indonesia, besarnya kredit bunga bank yang berlaku di Indonesia, dan kurangnya kebijakan kredit dan dukungan Pemerintah dengan pemberian kemudahan fasilitas kredit, asuransi dan lain-lain. Semua faktor ini harus diperbaiki untuk dapat meningkat persaingan pada era globalisasi.

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Era globalization in Indonesia started in 2003. Era globalization occurred to all industries included construction industry. Contractor company as one as doer in construction industry that must preparing itself as soon as possible and must identify preparing itself with to know internal (strengths and weakness) and external (opportunities and threats) factors in order to can competitive in era globalization. Indonesia contractor companies must prepare themselves to fight in era globalization. With determine parameters of internal and external factors from literature study, then with statistic, analysis internal and external factors and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) so the factors are able to will knew the condition of Indonesia contractor companies preparing and dominant internal and external factors that impact to Indonesia contractor companies in era globalization. From research result can concluded that Indonesia contractor companies do not prepare in competition in era globalization and the biggest prepare less occurred from internal factors of Indonesia contractor companies section. For all of dominant internal and external factors that cause prepare less are planning of companies vision and mission in short, middle, and long time, ownership less of ISO 9000 certificate, experience less of companies in international project, limited sum human resources of companies that have experiences, professional and have certificate, condition of Indonesian economic, market (project) location in Indonesia. condition of Indonesian politic not stable, the weakness of implementation of regulation and regulation that changed, culture of corruption, collusion, and nepotism in Indonesian tender, high interest credit bank in Indonesia, and less of credit policy and government support in make facilities credit easier. insurance. etc. All of these factors must be improve to increase competition in era globalization.

Abstrak :
Proyek pengadaan barang dan jasa Pemerintah memiliki skala kompleksitas yang signifikan, mencakup risiko akan kinerja Kontraktor dalam memenuhi kewajiban kontrak terhadap Pemerintah. Alhasil, Pemerintah mewajibkan suatu jaminan untuk menjamin pelaksanaan pekerjaan oleh Kontraktor, yang salah satunya adalah Surety Bond. Skripsi ini membahas prinsip tanpa syarat dalam surety bond dengan penelitian untuk menganalsa: (1) akibat dan isu hukum yang timbul dari penerapan asas tanpa (2) bukti yang diperlukan dan beban pembuktian dalam proses klaim pencairan dan sengketa hukum yang timbul dari itu, dan untuk memperdalam telaah, Skripsi ini membahas Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 618K/Pdt/2019 untuk menggarisbawahi persoalan hukum isu hukum yang bersangkutan. Skripsi ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang menerapkan metode yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pencantuman prinsip tanpa syarat mengakibatkan pencairan surety bond terlepas dari situasi kerugian dan kewajiban untuk menandatangani perjanjian ganti rugi. Masalah hukum yang timbul berkaitan dengan kerentanan terhadap moral hazard dan kerugian terhadap posisi keuangan Principal. Keadaan merugikan Principal kian diperparah karena sifat sepihak dari bukti yang diperlukan dan beban pembuktian untuk klaim pencairan surety bond. Skripsi ini menyarankan penerapan prudential inspection dalam proses underwriting surety bond dan untuk merubah bukti-bukti yang diperlukan untuk klaim pencairan. ......scale of complexity, encompassing risks on the performance of the Contractor in fulfilling its contractual obligations beholden to the Government. Accordingly, the Government requires a form of guarantee to assure the performance of procurement work by the Contractor, one of which is Surety Bond. This thesis discusses the principle of unconditionality in surety bond with research objectives to analyze: (1) the legal consequences and impediments arising from the application of unconditional principle, (2) the required evidence and burden of proof in the process of claiming disbursement and the legal disputes arising thereof and to further provide insight, this thesis avails in the vivisection of Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 618 K/Pdt/2019 to underline the relevant legal issues. This thesis is a descriptive research implementing normative juridical methods. The results exhibit that the inclusion of unconditional principle results in the immediate disbursement of surety bond regardless of situation of loss and the subsequent obligation to sign indemnity agreement. The ensuing legal issues concern with the susceptibility to moral hazard and the principal's detrimental financial position. The detrimental position of the principal is further aggravated due to the unilateral nature of required evidence and burden of proof to claim surety bond disbursement. This thesis suggests the implementation of prudential inspection in the process of underwriting surety bond and to amend the required evidence to claim for disbursement.

Abstrak :
Pembangunan jalan tol tengah sangat gencar dilakukan oleh pemerintah dan pembangunannya pun sangat diutamakan, ditandai dengan status Proyek Strategis Nasional (PSN) yang mengawalnya. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan untuk mempercepat dan meningkatkan daya tarik adalah dengan menggunakan skema kontrak Contractor Full Pre-Fianance (CPF). Namun, di sisi lain skema kontrak CPF membebani kontraktor dengan risiko – risiko yang sebelumnya merupakan risiko pemilik proyek. Melalui pandapat pakar penelitian ini memvalidasi 22 indikator risiko yang terbagi ke dalam 5 kategori risiko (Politik, Ekonomi, Konstruksi, Kontrak, dan Manajemen Proyek) pada proyek jalan tol dengan skema CPF yang berpengaruh terhadap kinerja biaya. Kemudian, diidentifikasi indikator – indikator risiko dominan melalui studi kasus item pekerjaan sisa pada Proyek Jalan Tol XYZ yang kemudian diketahui indikator risiko dominan tersebut berpengaruh terhadap tingkat Cost Overrun proyek sebesar 18,41%, 21,56%, 23,03%, dan 24,08% berdasarkan analisis PERT dan simulasi Monte Carlo pada confident level p = 80%, 90%, dan 95%. Untuk mengurangi tingkat risiko tersebut dilakukan strategi pelaksanaan yang diidentifikasi terdapat 16 tindakan preventif dan 13 tindakan korektif terhadap item pekerjaan “vital few” dengan potensi dapat mengurangi tingkat Cost Overrun proyek menjadi sebesar 11,01%, 13,28%, 14,46%, dan 15,35%. ......The construction of the toll road is currently being carried out very intensively by the government and its construction is also highly prioritized, marked by the status of the National Strategic Project (PSN) which oversees it. One of the efforts made to accelerate and increase attractiveness is to use the Contractor Full Pre-Fianance (CPF) scheme. However, on the other hand, the CPF contract scheme burdens the contractor with risks that were previously the risk of the project owner. Through expert opinion, this research validates 22 risk indicators which are divided into 5 risk categories (Politics, Economics, Construction, Contracts, and Project Management) in toll road projects with CPF schemes that affect cost performance. Then, the dominant risk indicators were identified through case studies of remaining work items on the XYZ Toll Road Project. It was later discovered that these dominant risk indicators had an effect on the project's Cost Overrun rate of 18.41%, 21.56%, 23.03%, and 24 .08% based on PERT analysis and Monte Carlo simulation at the confidence level p = 80%, 90%, and 95%. To reduce the level of risk, an implementation strategy was carried out which identified 16 preventive actions and 13 corrective actions for "vital few" work items with the potential to reduce the project's Cost Overrun rate to 11.01%, 13.28%, 14.46%, and 15.35%.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK Penelitian ini membahas tentang penentuan standar kriteria evaluasi teknis pemilihan kontraktor jasa keamanan, di salah satu perusahaan minyak dan gas bumi di Indonesia.Terdapat 4 kriteria yang digunakan di dalam evaluasi, yaitu: personil kunci, rencana pelaksanaan jasa, kinerja pengamanan dan program HES (Health, Environment & Safety). Metode yang digunakan adalah Analytic Network Process (ANP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja pengamanan mendapatkan bobot tertinggi, diikuti dengan personil kunci, rencana pelaksanaan jasa dan program HES dan subkriteria yang paling berpengaruh adalah konsultansi security.

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ABSTRACT This thesis discusses about the determination of technical evaluation standard of criteria of security contractor selection in oil and gas company in Indonesia. There are 4 criteria proposed which are: key personnel, work planning, performance of work and HES (Health, Environment & Safety) program. The method used is Analytic Network Process (ANP). The result of this study shows that performance of work got the highest weight, followed consecutively by key personnel, work planning and HES program; while the most influential sub criteria is security consultation.

Abstrak :
Dokumen kontrak antara kontraktor dan pemilik proyek adalah pedoman dan pengendalian selama masa pelaksanaan konstruksi. Selama masa pelaksanaan, seringkali terjadi perubahan yang harus dilakukan karena ketidaksesuaian antara yang tertera dalam kontrak dengan kenyataan yang ditemui di lapangan. Oleh karena itu, pihak kontraktor berhak mengajukan klaim biaya sebagai kompensasi dari dampak yang ditimbulkan oleh perubahan tersebut. Skripsi ini meneliti kejadian yang menyebabkan kontraktor mengajukan klaim biaya ke pemilik proyek pada beberapa proyek gedung bertingkat di Jakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyebab terjadinya klaim biaya dari kontraktor ke pemilik proyek berasal dari pemilik proyek, kebijakan pemerintah dalam bidang moneter, gambar kontrak yang tidak tepat, serta keadaan bawah tanah yang tak terlihat. ......Contract made by the contractors and project owners have a role as a guidance and control during the implementation of the construction. During the implementation, there are often changes that must be done because of the inconsistency between the written contract with the fact that in the field. Therefore, the contracting parties have the right make a claim cost as compensation from the impact caused by these changes. This essay examines the events are causing the contractor to make a claim the cost of the project owner on several highrise building project in Jakarta. Results of research show that the cause of the cost of a claim from the contractor to the project came from the owner himself, the government policy in the monetary regulation, the picture is not exactly a contract, and unforeseenable Condition.

Abstrak :
Paper ini adalah hasil studi identifikasi faktor resiko, penanganan resiko, dan model manajemen resiko krisis kontraktor di Indonesia. Studi identifikasi diawali dengan studi literatur penyusunan daftar dugaan faktor resiko. Karena referensi kebanyakan hanya menyajikan penyebablakibat krisis secara umum, dilakukan survei ahli terhadap sejumlah praktisi konstruksi senior. Hasil survei yang dijadikan dasar penyusunan kuesioner, disebarkan pada praktisi konstruksi, khususnya para project manager dan proposal manager. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor resiko yang paling dominan bagi kontraktor akibat krisis ekonomi dan politik adalah faktor resiko finansial seperti : tangible rate, inflation rate, dan interest rate. Studi penanganan resiko dilakukan berdasarkan hasil studi identifikasi, studi literatur, dan kuesioner. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa kontraktor di Indonesia belum banyak menerapkan metoda-metoda financial risk treatment untuk menangani resiko krisis dengan baik. Empat risk treatment yang paling sering dilakukan responden adalah Mengurangi/menghindari material impor, hutang, dan pengeluaran mata uang asing, serta review project preparing managernent. Keempat risk treatment ini merupakan risk treatment konvensional dan bersifat internal. Banyak risk treatment lainnya, seperti variasi ikatan kontrak dan kerjasama dengan pihak ketiga, yang termasuk jarang/kadang-kadang dilakukan. Metoda-metoda financial risk treatment ini belum banyak diterapkan terutama karena banyak project proposal manager yang balum memahami metoda-metoda tersebut dan ilmu risk management itu sendiri. Untuk memperkuat kedua hasil studi, dilakukan analisa data statistik seperti : Cronbach's alpha (keandalan data sebagai estimasi dari nilai sebenarnya dari sebuah populasi), uji konkordans' (keselarasan penilaian antar responden), dan uji differensiasi (signifikansi perbedaan data masa krisis dan sebelum krisis). Selain itu dilakukan juga analisa kualitatif, baik dari literatur, pendapat tertulis para responden, maupun dari hasil interview. Penelitian juga mengusulkan sebuah model manajemen resiko krisis yang diharapkan sesuai untuk kondisi sektor konstruksi di Indonesia. Model melibatkan faktor-faktor resiko finansial yang dominan serta risk treatment yang bersifat internal, bilateral (contract), dan third party.

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This paper is a result of risk factor identification, risk treatment, and risk management model ['or contractors in Indonesian crisis situation. Identification study is begun with literature study to prepare an estimated risk factors list. While most of literatures only specify the cause/impact of crisis in general, a survey to senior construction practitioners is conducted. The survey result, which is used to prepare a questionnaire, is spread to construction practitioners, especially for project and proposal managers. This research finds that the most dominant risk factors for contractors due to Indonesian economic and political crisis are financial risk factors, such as : Exchange rate, inflation rate, and interest rate. Risk treatment study is conducted based on identification study result, literature study, and questionnaire, This research finds that most of Indonesian contractors have not used many kind of financial risk treatment methods yet to manage the crisis well. The most frequently used risk treatments are : Minimize import materials, minimize tbreign currency debt, minimize foreign service payment, and project planning/management review. These risk treatments are conventional and internal methods. There are many risk treatments, such as contract type variations and third party partnerships, which are not frequently used. Many project/proposal managers have not used them especially because they are not familiar with these financial risk treatment methods and risk management knowledge itself. To support the study results, tt statistical analysis is conducted, such as : ('ronbach's alpha (data reliability as an estimation of true value of a population), concordance test, and dillerentiation test (crisis and before crisis data). A qualitative analysis is also conducted, based on literatures, respondents' opinion, and interview result. This research also proposes a crisis risk management model, which is expected to be appropriate for Indonesian construction sector's condition. The model includes dominant financial risk factors and internal, contractual, and third parties risk treatments.