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"Visual quality of landscape is becoming an important element in eco-friendly design for nature-based tourism areas in Malaysia. However, the majority of the human-made landscape elements of nature-based tourism areas such as buildings do not harmonize with the natural environment and are considered as not eco-friendly in design. A study wasconducted in Paya Indah Wetlands aimed to determine factors that affect visual rating ofhuman-made landscape and to determine visual rating of human-made landscape at the studysite. This study used selected photographs of the human-made landscape elements in Paya Indah Wetlands representing different types of buildings, park furniture, parking features, pedestrian facilities, drainage and signage. The scoring scheme for visual quality and landscape features was valued using the six basic design elements, namely, form, line, colour, texture, shape and space. Data were gathered fi'om I 00 experts using a structured questionnaire with surrogated photos, distributed equally among landscape architects and architects. The results of regression analysis revealed that the visual rating was affected significantly by the respondents' age, sector of employment and professional memberships in certified bodies. From the result, it showed that more than 60% of the respondents give visual ratings to the human-made landscape elements in Paya Indah Wetlands ranging from scores of 1 to 3 (means from 1.51 to 3.2)."

"ABSTRAKThe focus of this study is to examine the effect of tourist experience advertising, word of mouth and destination service performance on the customer based brand equity. This study finds that brand awareness, brand image, and brand quality all have an effect on brand loyalty. While destination service performance has an effect on destination brand awareness and brand image, advertisement and word of mouth, both did not show any effects on either destination brand awareness nor brand image. The findings allow tourist destinations in Asia to forecast future customer behavior and provide useful insights for marketing and service management strategies.

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ABSTRAKFokus dari laporan ini adalah untuk membahas tentang pengaruh dari pengalaman turis dalam berlibur terhadap ekuitas merek yang berbasis pada kostumer. Hasil riset ini menemukan bahwa kesadaran terhadap merek atau destinasi, kualitas merek, dan kesan merek mempengaruhi loyalitas terhadap merek. Disaat performa pelayanan pada destinasi memiliki dampak positif pada kesadaran terhadap merek dan kesan merek, iklan dan rekomendasi dari mulut ke mulut tidak menunjukkan dampak positif pada kesadaran terhadap merek dan kesan merek. Hasi dari riset ini dapat membantu destinasi turis di Asia untuk memprediksi tindakan kostumer di masa depan sekaligus memberikan wawasan untuk strategi marketing dan manajemen pelayanan."

"Tourism has become an important sector in the economy over recent decades, but the impact of tourism on economic growth is still debated. The purpose of this paper is to investigates the long-run relationship between tourism and economic growth in ASEAN countries as well as the causal linkages between them. This study uses panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (panel ARDL) and data from the World Tourism Organization and the World Development Indicator. The results suggest that tourism has significant and positive impact on economic growth in the long run, supporting the tourism-led growth hypothesis. Furthermore, the results also indicate that there is bidirectional causality between inbound tourism and economic growth.

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Pariwisata telah menjadi sektor penting dalam perekonomian selama beberapa dekade terakhir, namun dampak pariwisata terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi masih diperdebatkan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meneliti hubungan jangka panjang antara pariwisata dan pertumbuhan ekonomi di negara-negara ASEAN serta hubungan sebab akibat di antara keduanya. Penelitian ini menggunakan panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (panel ARDL) dan data dari World Tourism Organization dan World Development Indicator. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pariwisata memiliki dampak yang signifikan dan positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi dalam jangka panjang. Selain itu, hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa terdapat kausalitas dua arah antara pariwisata inbound dan pertumbuhan ekonomi."