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"ABSTRACTLatar Belakang: Berdasarkan Riskesdas 2013, proporsi penduduk Indonesia yang menerima perawatan ortodontik masih sangat rendah. Salah satu penyebabnya adalah sering kali seseorang tidak menyadari bahwa dirinya membutuhkan perawatan ortodontik. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa persepsi kebutuhan perawatan ortodontik memiliki peran yang penting. Adapun salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi persepsi kebutuhan perawatan ortodontik adalah status sosioekonomi, namun penelitian terdahulu menunjukkan hasil yang kontradiktif. Selain itu, belum pernah dilakukan penelitian mengenai hal ini di Indonesia. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara status sosioekonomi dengan persepsi kebutuhan perawatan ortodontik pada siswa SMAN 27 Jakarta. Metode: Dilakukan penelitian potong lintang pada 85 siswa SMAN 27 Jakarta yang berusia 15-17 tahun. Diberikan kuesioner Family Affluence Scale III (FAS III) pada 85 subjek penelitian untuk menilai status sosioekonominya dan diberikan lembar index of Orthodontic Treatment Need-Aesthetic Component (IOTN-AC) guna menilai persepsi kebutuhan perawatan ortodontiknya. Digunakan uji chi-square untuk analisis data. Hasil: Uji chi-square menunjukkan nilai signifikansi kurang dari 0,05 (p = 0,009) yang berarti terdapat perbedaan bermakna secara statistik antara status sosioekonomi dengan persepsi kebutuhan perawatan ortodontik. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara status sosioekonomi dengan persepsi kebutuhan perawatan ortodontik pada siswa SMAN 27 Jakarta.

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ABSTRACTBackground: According to Riskesdas 2013, the proportion of people who had received orthodontic treatment in Indonesia is very low. One of the reasons is that people oftentimes dont realize that they need orthodontic treatment. It shows that self-perceived orthodontic treatment need has an important role. One of the factors affecting self-perceived orthodontic treatment need is socioeconomic status, but previous studies showed contradictory results. Furthermore, this research has never been conducted in Indonesia. Objective: To determine whether the socioeconomic status associated with self-perceived orthodontic treatment need in students of SMAN 27 Jakarta. Methods: This cross-sectional study comprised 85 students of SMAN 27 Jakarta aged 15-17 years. Family Affluence Scale III (FAS III) questionnaire was given to assess their socioeconomic status and Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need-Aesthetic Component (IOTN-AC) sheet was given to assess their self-perceived orthodontic treatment need. The chi-square test was used for data analysis. Results: The significance value is less than 0,05 (p = 0,009) which indicates that there is a statistically significant difference between socioeconomic status and self-perceived orthodontic treatment need. Conclusion: There is an association between socioeconomic status and self-perceived orthodontic treatment need in students of SMAN 27 Jakarta."

"Dewasa ini perkembangan globalisasi sudah tidak lagi terbatas ruang dan waktu. Salah satu dampak dari globalisasi adalah kecenderungan terhadap sikap etnosentrisme konsumen. Penelitian kuantitatif ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan antara Jenis Kelamin, Socioeconomic Status, dan Internet Usage dengan Consumer Ethnocentrism. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang cukup di antara Consumer Ethnocentrism dengan Jenis kelamin dan Internet Usage, namun tidak terdapat hubungan dengan Socioeconomic Status. ......Today the development of globalization is no longer limited to space and time. One of the effects of globalization is the tendency towards consumer ethnocentrism. This quantitative research aims to analyze the relationship between Gender, Socioeconomic Status, and Internet Usage with Consumer Ethnocentrism. The results showed that there was a sufficient relationship between Consumer Ethnocentrism with Gender and Internet Usage, but there was no relationship with Socioeconomic Status."

"ABSTRAKEmerging adult mother merupakan kelompok Ibu berusia 18-25 tahun. Kelompok usia ini rentan terhadap penerapan pola asuh tidak efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran pola asuh emerging adult mother berdasarkan karakteristik jenis kelamin anak, status pernikahan, pendidikan, penghasilan dan aktivitas. Penelitian potong lintang ini melibatkan 110 responden Ibu berusia 18-25 tahun di wilayah Kecamatan Kosambi yang dipilih secara bebas dan purposif. Pola asuh Ibu diukur menggunakan kuesioner Parenting Style Four Factor Questionnaire (PS-FFQ). Sebagian besar responden penelitian merupakan Ibu bekerja dengan latar belakang pendidikan dan ekonomi rendah, meskipun demikian pola asuh yang diterapkan oleh responden adalah pola asuh emokratis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 71,8 % emerging adult mother menerapkan pola asuh demokratis, 21,8% menerapkan pola asuh permisif, 4,5% menerapkan pola asuh pengabaian dan 1,8% menerapkan pola asuh otoriter. Emerging adult mother tidak selalu menjadi kelompok rentan terhadap pola asuh kurang efektif. Karakteristik dari tahap perkembangan emerging adult dan lingkungan keluarga pada masyarakat rural menjadi beberapa penyebab yang mendukung penerapan pola asuh efektif oleh emerging adult mother.

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ABSTRACTEmerging adult mother is a group of mothers aged 18-25 years. This age group is vulnerable to less effective parenting style. This study aims to see an overview of emerging adult mothers parenting style based on the characteristics such as child sex, marital status, education background, income and activities. This cross-sectional study involved 110 mother respondents aged 18-25 years that is selected randomly and purposively in Kosambi. Mothers parenting style was measured by Parenting Style Four Factor Questionnaire (PS-FFQ). Most of respondents were working mothers with low educational and economic background, even so most respondents applied authoritative parenting style. The results showed that 71,8 % of emerging adult mother applied authoritative parenting style, 21,8% applied permissive parenting style, 4,5% applied neglect parenting style and 1,8% applied authoritarian parenting style. Emerging adult mother were not always a group that is vulnerable to less effective parenting style. The characteristics of emerging adult and family environment in rural communities are some of the causes that support the adoption of effective parenting by emerging adult mothers."

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Immunisasi ada suatu proses yang sangat penting untuk mencegah adanya penyebaran penyakit menular. Indonesia memiliki program imunisasi dasar yang bertujuan untuk melindungi anak-anak. Program imunisasi dasar Indonesia mencakup proses vaksinasi anak baru lahir sampai mereka berumur 1 tahun. Data mengenai kepatuhan ibu mengikuti proses imunisasi dasar untuk anak-anaknya di daerah Cikini Ampiun masih kurang. Penelitian ini adalah penilitian cross sectional yang menggunakan form kuesioner dengan sampel kasus berupa 44 responden. Subjek penelitian yang diambil adalah perempuan yang memiliki anak minimal 1 orang. Variabel independent dari penelitian ini adalah usia responden, tingkat pendidikan terakhir, besarnya keluarga responden, penghasilan, pekerjaan responden, dan juga status paritas responden. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tidak adanya hubungan antara status socioeconomics responden dengan kepatuhan dan juga pengetahuan ibu tentang pentingnya imunisasi dini untuk anak mereka. Kelengkapan imunisasi dasar adalah suatu upaya untuk pencegahan penyakit mudah menular di kalangan anak-anak. Dengan adanya penelitian ini, diharapkan akan muncul rasa lebih peduli akan status imunitas anak dan juga upaya pencegahan penyakit menular di lingkunannya.

 

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Immunization is an important process that is important to prevent the spread of infectious diseases especially in children. Indonesia has a basic immunization program aimed to boost the immune status of children. The basic immunization program of Indonesia is given to newborns up to 1 year old. Data regarding the compliance of mothers towards the basic immunization programs in Indonesia is still lacking. This is a cross sectional research that uses questionnaire to gather data. The sample size of this research is 44 respondents, the samples are mothers with at least one child. The independent variable of this research includes the age of the respondents, education, family income, household size, working status, and parity status of the respondent. The result of this study shows no correlation between the socioeconomic status of the respondents with their compliance and awareness regarding the importance of complete immunization for children. Completeness of the basic immunization program is an attempt to prevent the spread of infectious disease in children. With this research, hopefully the respondents became more aware regarding the importance of their childrens immunity status and the attempt to prevent the spread of infectious disease in their environment.

 

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"Adolescent need special attention due to their physical and psychosocial development. Studies about nutrional status of Adolescent girls have been last explored in Indonesia. To assess overweight Adolescent girl related to their socio-demographic condition. The data was part of the basic Healt Research 2010, which was a cross sectional and non intervention study. It covered 22 provinces, 441 district/municipalities, anf 70.000 house hold. The sampling was based on economical status and urban/rural racio. Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated from weight and height measured from all participants. The author analyzed 21.799 non pregant girls aged 10-19 years by calculating Crude odds ratio and Adjusted odds ratio between overweight and normal weight and their socio demograpic variables. 45.3% underweight ( BMI <18.5), 44,0% normal weight (BMI 18.5-22.9), 5,7% overweight-1 ( BMI 23.3-24.9), 4.0% overweight-2 (25.0-29.9) and 1.1% obese (BMI <_30). Those who were married were 1.87 fold more likely to be overweight(95% Cl:1.48-2.36), those who lived at urban area were 1.26 fold more likely to be overnight (95% cl: 1.09-1.45). In adjusted models, those aged 10-12 years were 1.48 fold more likely to be overweight (95% Cl:1.25-1.76) and those with the highest quintile was 1.82 fold more likeli to be overweight (95% Cl: 1.47-2.24). The high levels of overnight among Adolescent girs were a public healt concern. A higher prevalance of overweight was mainly was mainly found in married Adolescent, those who lived in urban area, the younger ones and those with highher socioeconomic strata. It needs a comperhensive Adolescent healt program."

"ABSTRACTBackground: there are differences in factors associated with frailty syndrome in elderly population. The aim of this research was to determine frailty status (fit, pre-frail and frail) and to identify factors associated with physical frailty in urban community-dwelling elderly women. Methods: a cross-sectional study of community-dwelling women aged 60 years and older was conducted in West and Central Jakarta regions, Indonesia, from July until September 2017. The Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) score was used to determine frailty status (fit/pre-frail/frail). Chi-Square Test and logistic regression analysis were used to determine association between independent variables and physical frailty. Results: there were 325 female subjects with a median age of 67 (60-94) years; 95,7% had income below the Provincial Minimum Income of DKI Jakarta in 2017 (<3,3 million IDR=238 USD/month), and 92.6% had a level of education ≤9 years. Subjects were classified into this following groups: fit (12,6%), pre-frail (63,4%) and frail (24%). Factors associated with physical frailty were age above 70 years old with OR 5,27, lower Barthel Index for Activities of Daily Living (B-ADL) with OR 2,85, depressive symptoms with OR 6,79, and Euro Quality of Life-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) index with OR 1,96. Conclusion: elderly women in the urban community with low socioeconomic status were classified as fit (12,6%), pre-frail (63,4%) and frail (24%). Factors associated with physical frailty were age above 70 years old, depressive symptoms, lower functional status and health-related quality of life index."

"ABSTRAKKompleksitas penanganan diabetes terlihat dari interaksi faktor yang bekerjaberlawanan. Pasien menjadi bingung dan merasa kesulitan untuk mencapaipenanganan yang optimal. Fokus penelitian ini terletak pada pasien dari kelompoksosek rendah yang mengalami stres terkait diabetes. Penerapan teknik pemecahanmasalah dapat memberikan kemampuan mengendalikan diabetes pada pasiendengan cara mengurangi stres. Teknik yang digunakan adalah relaksasi,identifikasi pikiran negatif (ABC), dan pengelolaan emosi (SSTA). Penelitian inidilakukan terhadap 3 pasien menggunakan desain kuasi-eksperimental. Ketigapartisipan mengalami penurunan stres dilihat dari berkurangnya skor DiabetesDistress Scale-17. Perubahan skor Problem Solving Test menandakan bahwapartisipan telah memahami pentingnya menerapkan problem solving untukmengurangi stres.

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ABSTRACTThe complexity of diabetes management can be seen in the interaction of severalfactors that work in opposite direction. Patients may become confused and find itdifficult to achieve optimal outcomes. This study focuses on those of lowersocioeconomic status who experience diabetes-related distress. Application ofproblem solving techniques works to provide a sense of control over diabetes byreducing stress. Various techniques used in this study are relaxation, negativethoughts identification (ABC), and negative emotion regulation (SSTA). Thisstudy was conducted using quasi-experimental design. All three participantsexperienced less stress as shown by lower average scores of Diabetes DistressScale-17. Changes in Problem Solving Test score indicates that participants haveunderstood about the importance of using problem solving techniques for dealingwith diabetes-related distress."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efektivitas program cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) untuk meningkatkan self-esteem pada remaja dari keluarga dengan status sosial ekonomi rendah. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah remaja perempuan usia 11 tahun yang memiliki self-esteem rendah. Self-esteem diukur dengan menggunakan skala Self-Perception Profile for Children (SPPC) dari Harter (2012). Penelitian ini merupakan single subject design tipe AB yang terdiri atas 12 sesi terhadap subjek dan 2 sesi terhadap orangtua. Berdasarkan pengukuran yang dilakukan melalui SPPC dan kemajuan subjek yang memenuhi indikator pada setiap pertemuan, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa CBT efektif untuk meningkatkan self-esteem pada remaja dari keluarga dengan status sosial ekonomi rendah pada seluruh domain, baik global self-esteem maupun specific self-esteem. ......This study conducted to understand the effectiveness of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) in increasing self-esteem on adolescent with low socioeconomic status. The participant of the study is a 11 year old adolescent who has low selfesteem. Self-esteem was assessed by the Self-Perception Profile for Children (SPPC) from Harter (2012), one of the most used measures of global and specific self-esteem. This study was a single subject design type AB that consist of 12 child sessions and 2 parents sessions. Based on the measurement that has been done using SPPC and progress indicators that meet the subject at each meeting, it can be concluded that the CBT effectively increase global and specific self-esteem on adolescent with low socioeconomic status."

"Urbanisasi terus mendegradasi komponen vital lingkungan, termasuk kualitas udara. Studi BPS menunjukkan mayoritas ventilasi udara di rumah secara nasional tidak memadai. Studi ini mengaitkan kualitas udara dalam ruang (KUDR) hunian urban dengan status sosioekonomi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh status sosioekonomi terhadap karakteristik penghuni yang berhubungan dengan kualitas udara lingkungan, kondisi fisik hunian, dan KUDR hunian; dan merumuskan strategi kebijakan pemerintah terkait KUDR hunian. Penentuan sampel riset di RW 10, Pasar Manggis, Jakarta Selatan, ini menggunakan stratified convenience sampling, dengan 2 tipe akses rumah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan mixed method. Pengambilan data dengan wawancara, observasi fisik hunian, dan pemantauan KUDR selama 12 jam untuk PM2.5, suhu, dan kelembaban. Data kualitas udara lingkungan dari stasiun pengukuran udara ambien terdekat didapat secara daring. Analisis deskriptif menunjukkan status sosioekonomi berpengaruh terhadap karakteristik penghuni yang memengaruhi KUDR. Analisis regresi linier berganda dengan Statplus dan Microsoft Excel menunjukkan tingkat pengaruh antar variabel dan menghasilkan persamaan prediksi. Temuan kesenjangan terhadap standar menjadi masukan untuk strategi kebijakan pemerintah terkait KUDR hunian. Temuan kualitatif menunjukkan komunitas hunian urban padat yang sudah tinggal bersama dalam waktu lama memiliki toleransi yang tinggi terhadap penurunan KUDR akibat akitivitas usaha tetangganya dan perilaku merokok di rumah.......Urbanization continues to degrade vital components of environment, including air quality. BPS study showed the majority of home air ventilation is not adequate. This study associates indoor air quality (IAQ) of urban residentials with socioeconomic status. The aims of this study were to analyze the influence of socioeconomic status on occupant characteristics related to the environmental air quality, residential physical condition, and IAQ; and formulate government policy strategies related to residential IAQ. Determination of the research sample in RW 10, Pasar Manggis, South Jakarta, used stratified convenience sampling, with 2 types of home access. This research used quantitative approach and mixed method. Data were collected by interviews, physical observation, and 12-hour IAQ monitoring for PM2.5, temperature, and humidity. Environmental air quality data from the nearest ambient air measurement station is obtained online. Descriptive analysis showed that socioeconomic status has an influence on occupant characteristics that affect IAQ. Multiple linear regression analysis with Statplus and Microsoft Excel showed the level of influence between variables and produced predictive equation. The finding of gaps against standards becomes input for the government's policy strategy related to residential IAQ. Qualitative findings show that dense urban residential communities who have lived together for a long time have a high tolerance for the decline in IAQ due to the businesses activities of their neighbors and home-smoking behaviour."

"Keluarga yang berasal dari status sosial ekonomi menengah ke bawah cenderung kurangmemiliki pemahaman pengasuhan yang positif sehingga berisiko menghambat pencapaianperkembangan anak, khususnya pada periode kritis usia anak 3-5 tahun. Diperlukanintervensi untuk meningkatkan pemahaman pengasuhan positif, salah satunya denganpsikoedukasi. Studi ini bertujuan untuk melihat efektivitas psikoedukasi sebagai metodeintervensi dalam meningkatkan pemahaman pengasuhan positif. Desain penelitian yangdigunakan adalah one group pretest-posttest design. Subjek penelitian adalah 14 orang ibuberlatar belakang sosial ekonomi menengah ke bawah. Psikoedukasi dilakukan selama tigasesi secara daring. Pengukuran pemahaman mengenai pengasuhan positif dilakukansebanyak tiga kali, yakni sebelum psikoedukasi, segera setelah psikoedukasi selesai dan 10hari setelah intervensi. Analisis menggunakan Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test menunjukkanadanya perbedaan skor yang signifikan antara sebelum dan sesudah psikoedukasi diberikan(p < 0,05). Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa terdapat peningkatan pemahaman mengenaipengasuhan positif yang dimiliki oleh ibu setelah mengikuti psikoedukasi. Sementara itu,terdapat penurunan pemahaman ibu setelah 10 hari dilakukan intervensi. Penelitian initerbatas hanya pada ranah kognitif saja, disarankan agar dapat ditingkatkan ke ranah afektifhingga psikomotor.......Families in middle-to-low socioeconomic status tend to have less comprehension aboutpositive parenting, which may hinder child optimal development, especially in criticalage i.e. 3 to 5 year old. Psychoeducation is one of interventions which is needed toimprove comprehension of positive parenting to children. This study aims to find theeffectiveness of psychoeducation in improving comprehension of positive parenting. Thisstudy design is one group pretest-posttest design. Subjects of this study are 14 motherswith middle-to-low socioeconomic status background. The psychoeducation was held forthree sessions through video conference. The data were collected 3 times, before theintervention, immediately after the intervention, and 2 weeks after the intervention. Dataanalysis using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test shows significant score difference betweenbefore and after psychoeducation was provided (p < 0,05). This indicates increasing scoreof positive parenting related understanding in mothers after attending thepsychoeducation. However, there was derivation score of mothers' comprehension in 10days after the intervention. This study limited to cognitive area, next can be elevated intoaffective or psychomotor area."