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"PendahuluanSastra Bali, sebagai salah satu "sastra daerah Indonesia, termasuk sastra klasik, sampai sekarang masih terlantar" (Robson, 1978: 5). Naskah-naskah sastra Bali, yang sebagian besar ditulis dalam lontar dengan aksara Bali, sangat banyak jumlahnya, namun belum ditangani sebagaimana mestinya, Naskah-naskah lontar itu ada yang disimpan sebagai milik pribadi, dan ada pula yang disimpan di perpustakaan-perpustakaan, seperti: Perpustakaan Gedong Kirtya di Singaraja, Perpustakaan Museum di Denpasar, Perpustakaan Fakultas Sastra Universitas Udayana di Denpasar, dan Pusat Dokumentasi Kebudayaan Bali milik Pemerintah Daerah Propinsi Bali di Denpasar.Beberapa di antara lontar-lontar itu sudah ada yang ditransliterasikan dari aksara Bali ke huruf Latin, kemudian, disebarluaskan dalam bentuk buku cetakan dan stensilan. Transliterasi itu sangat menolong masyarakat, terutama mereka yang tidak menguasai aksara Bali, namun ingin mendalami makna dan hakikat hidup yang terkandung di dalamnya.Sastra-sastra daerah Indonesia, termasuk sastra daerah Bali, banyak yang terlantar karena penelitian naskah klasik memakan waktu banyak, karena naskah tersebut ditulis dalam Bahasa dan aksara daerah. Pada hal makna isi naskah tersebut sesungguhnya sangat berharga dan penting."

"Metode greenwashing adalah suatu perbuatan yang dilakukan oleh Pelaku Usaha dalam melakukan pemasaran dengan mengklaim kondisi produknya adalah produk yang ramah lingkungan dan mendukung kegiatan pelestarian lingkungan hidup. Perbuatan Greenwashing sedang sangat populernya karena berhasil terbukti dapat meningkatkan penjualan atas produk. Tetapi ketika pelaku usaha menerapkan metode greenwashing dalam pemasarannya artinya Pelaku Usaha tersebut telah melanggar hak-hak konsumen, khususnya hak mendapatkan infromasi yang benar atas produk. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua rumusan masalah yaitu Bagaimana perkembangan pengaturan kebijakan greenwashing dalam ruang lingkup perlindungan konsumen di beberapa negara dengan keberadaan perkembangan kebijakan greenwashing di Indonesia? dan Bagaimana seharusnya pengaturan greenwashing dalam sistem hukum Indonesia terhadap hak-hak konsumen dalam Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen dan juga terhadap keberlangsungan investasi perusahaan? Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, kasus, dan perbandingan terhadap negara Amerika Serikat beserta negara bagiannya dan negara Inggris. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan pengaturan kebijakan greenwashing dalam ruang lingkup perlindungan konsumen telah berhasil di lakukan di negara seperti Amerika Serikat termasuk negara bagiannya seperti Florida dan California, serta berhasil dilakukan penerapannya di negara Inggris. Amerika Serikat memiliki green guidelines yang berisikann mengenai pedoman bagi perusahaan dalam melakukan pemahaman dan memahami limit atau batasan model iklan apa yang kemudian dapat diciptakan dan dijadikan sebagai branding suatu produk dan/atau jasa dalam melakukan pemasaran produk serta sebagai batasan dan acuan dalam menafsirkan klaim ramah lingkungan sedangkan di Inggris memiliki Environmental Claims On Goods And Service sebagai acuan dan pedoman klaim terhadap suatu produk barang dan/atau jasa yang memiliki materi muataan hijau. Indonesia sampai saat ini belum memiliki ketentuan secara spesifik mengenai pengaturan greenwashing. Salah satu kebijakan yang relevan yang pernah dibuat oleh Pemerintah adalah melalui Peraturan Menteri Perindustrian Nomor 51/M-IND/PER/6/2015. Standar tersebut dijadikan sebagai patokan dan dasar bagi pelaku usaha di bidang industri untuk menyusun secara konsensus yang berkaitan dengan suatu proses produksi, bahan-bahan baku, energi, proses yang digunakan, pengelolaan limbah, dan lain halnya. Tetapi ketentuan tersebut belum memiliki kekuatan dalam pelaksanaannya karena pengaturan khusus mengenai tindakan yang dilarang atas praktik greenwashing belum diatur. Sehingga, Pemerintah harus tetap membentuk kebijakan khusus yang sentral untuk mengatur greenwashing di Indonesia sebagai bentuk perlindungan konsumen.

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The greenwashing method is an act carried out by Business Actors in carrying out marketing by claiming the condition of their products are environmentally friendly products and support environmental preservation activities. Greenwashing is currently very popular because it has been proven to be able to increase product sales. However, when a business actor applies the greenwashing method in their marketing, it means that the business actor has violated consumer rights, especially the right to obtain correct information about products. This study uses two problem formulations, namely how is the development of greenwashing policy arrangements within the scope of consumer protection in several countries with the existence of greenwashing policy developments in Indonesia? and How should the regulation of greenwashing in the Indonesian legal system affect consumer rights in the Consumer Protection Act and also the sustainability of corporate investment? This study uses normative juridical research methods with statutory, case and comparative approaches to the United States of America and its states and the United Kingdom. The research results show that the development of greenwashing policy arrangements within the scope of consumer protection has been successfully carried out in countries such as the United States including states such as Florida and California, and has been successfully implemented in the United Kingdom.The United States has green guidelines which contain guidelines for companies in understanding and understanding the limits or limitations of what advertising models can then be created and used as branding of a product and/or service in marketing products as well as boundaries and references in interpreting eco-friendly claims. whereas in the UK it has Environmental Claims On Goods And Service as a reference and guideline for claims against a product of goods and/or services that have green content material. Until now, Indonesia does not have specific provisions regarding greenwashing regulations. One of the relevant policies ever made by the Government is through the Regulation of the Minister of Industry Number 51/M-IND/PER/6/2015. These standards are used as a benchmark and basis for business actors in the industrial sector to formulate a consensus relating to a production process, raw materials, energy, processes used, waste management, and other matters. However, these provisions do not yet have the force in their implementation because specific arrangements regarding actions that are prohibited from greenwashing practices have not been regulated. Thus, the government must continue to form special central policies to regulate greenwashing in Indonesia as a form of consumer protection."

"Nothing in the Uruguay Round mentions directly about rights of private economic actors. It seems that the relationship to private economic actors (or may be individual) does not exist within the WTO Agreements, because as a general rule, private parties are not legal subjects of the international legal order. However, this article will prevail upon this situation, by looking closer at the essence of the WTO Agreements to discern the rights of private economic actors that derive from the WTO. The main question of this article is to what extent then Indonesia is dealing with the rights of private economic actors under the WTO Agreements? The background of this questionis because four years after ratifying the WTO Agreements, Indonesia has been facing what is arguably the most serious multidimensional crisis in 1997, some difficult situations have arisen from the crisis; therefore, the society hesitated to accept the open world trading system. The society seemed look askance to the implementation of the WTO Agreements. But Indonesian Government took major step to reduce the skepticism of society toward liberalization, by readjusting its national laws conform to the WTO Agreements with the intention to support the rights of national economic actors under the WTO Agreements in order to achieve total benefits of the WTO rules."

"This paper discusses about the phenomenon of mediation representation of political actors in media agenda. The focus is how and what issues the actor was mediated. Newspapers samples are Media Indonesia; Kompas; Rakyat Merdeka; and Republika. Data were collected through content analysis in the tradition of agenda setting. The findings show the communication process through media agenda by media organizations is based on the phenomenon showed a relatively complete communications process. Media seems trying to show who the communicator and who became a communicant in the communication process. Related to this, in the context of the political system, the political superstructure components communicator element is more dominant than communicators in infra component of the political structure. While the elements of the communicant, according the findings indicate that the component supra political structures that (the government) was also more than the infra component of the political structure (non-government). There are five types of predicate actors that were targeted communication by communicator earlier. However, it seems the level from the Ministry institutions to village became the most widely mediated editor. Academically, for the implementation of similar future studies should include a review of related phenomena involving the public agenda so that the relevance of the phenomenon of mediating between two actors can be known. Practically, the study's findings are expected to help increase media literacy among readers of the newspaper media.Paper ini membahas fenomena representasi mediasi aktor politik dalam pengagendaan media. Fokusnya pada bagaimana dan pada isu apa saja para aktor itu dimediasikan. Suratkabar sampelnya adalah Media Indonesia ; Kompas; Rakyat Merdeka; dan Republika. Data dikumpulkan melalui metode content analysis dalam tradisi agenda setting. Temuan memperlihatkan proses komunikasi melalui pengagendaan media oleh organisasi media berdasarkan fenomenanya memperlihat sebuah proses komunikasi yang relatif lengkap. Media tampak berupaya menunjukkan siapa yang menjadi komunikator dan siapa yang menjadi komunikan dalam suatu proses komunikasi itu. Terkait dengan ini, maka dalam konteks sistem politik, unsur komunikator komponen suprastruktur politik itu lebih dominan ketimbang komunikator dalam komponen infra struktur politik. Sementara pada unsur komunikan, sesuai temuan menunjukkan bahwa komponen supra sruktur politik (pemerintah) itu juga lebih banyak dari pada komponen infra struktur politik (non pemerintah) . Ada lima jenis predikat aktor yang menjadi sasaran komunikasi komunikator tadi. Namun demikian tampaknya predikat Lembaga pemerintah setingkat Kementerian s/d Kelurahan) menjadi paling banyak dimediasi redaksi. Secara akademik, untuk pelaksanaan penelitian yang sejenis ke depannya hendaknya menyertakan telaah terkait fenomena agenda publik agar relevansi menyangkut fenomena mediasi aktor di antara keduanya dapat diketahui. Secara praktis, temuan penelitian ini diharapkan dapat membantu peningkatan literasi media di kalangan pembaca media suratkabar."

"ABSTRAKThis article is part of my master's thesis which titled identity politics and capitalism in Illegal Logging along Indonesia - MAlaysia Border. In this article, i try to explain how the state, through its coercive and repressive apparatus, attempted to control its citizens or to create "forced-compliance" citizens against its claim of legitimacy within the phenomena of the politics of natural resource management, particulary in the incidence of illegal logging along the Indonesia-Malaysia border. To serve this purpose, a field research with a qualitative approach was carried out in kabupaten of Kapuas Hulu particulary in kecamatan Badau wich is next to Malaysian border.The state believes that with its coercive power and repressive apparatus it has been successful in forcing its citizens to comply with forest management regulations. It is true when the compliance is analyzed under the assumption that people are active and creative; the state existance, tith its coercive and repressive apparatus, will be interupted, negitiated and redefined both by its people and business enterprises to strengthen their bargaining positions within the power relation, that is state vis a vis people or business enterprises.In the phenomena of illegal logging any change in the coerciva apparatus and repressive state by its agencies or institutions will always be swindled by any segment of the society dealing with them. therefore, any situation and policy taken by the state to stop the practice of illegal logging always be followed by new strategies in doing the unlawfully practice. One of the causes which allows the discovery of new tactics is that the deregulation of forest management has created confusions among the actors which in turn has allowed the execution of new strategies in illegal logging."

"ABSTRACTLiga Pekerja Indonesia merupakan suatu kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah yakni Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan berkolaborasi dengan Kementeriarn Pemuda dan Olahraga, Persatuan Sepak Bola Seluruh Indonesia PSSI, dan Asosiasi Pengusaha Indonesia APINDO untuk memperingati Hari Buruh pada tanggal 1 Mei. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas pekerja dan keharmonisan yang terbina antara pekerja, pengusaha, dan pemerintah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana peran pemerintah dalam meningkatkan keharmonisan hubungan industrial dengan studi pada Liga Pekerja Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengambilan data kualitatif melalui wawancara mendalam dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan Liga Pekerja Indonesia sebagai bentuk peran yang diberikan pemerintah untuk meningkatkan keharmonisan hubungan industrial masih belum tercapai dikarenakan Liga Pekerja Indonesia yang seharusnya merupakan upaya penguatan hubungan industrial antara ketiga aktor hanya dapat menguatkan kelompok pekerja sebagai peserta yang menjadi tim sepakbola di Liga Pekerja Indonesia. Koordinasi antara para pihak yang terlibat belum berjalan dengan baik karena kurangnya komunikasi serta birokrasi yang berbelit. Pendanaan yang belum diatur dengan baik dan biaya pendaftaran yang memberatkan peserta juga menjadi salah satu faktor belum tercapainya keharmonisan hubungan industrial melalui Liga Pekerja Indonesia.

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ABSTRACTLiga Pekerja Indonesia is an activity conducted by Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan by collaborating with Kementerian Pemuda dan Olahraga, Persatuan Sepak Bola Seluruh Indonesia PSSI , dan Asosiasi Pengusaha Indonesia APINDO to commemorate the labour day on 1st May, 2018. This activity is done with the aim to enhance worker productivity and the harmony between workers, employers, and Government. This research aims to analyze how the Government 39 s role in improving industrial relations harmony with case studies on Liga Pekerja Indonesia. This study used a qualitative research approach to techniques of qualitative data retrieval technique through an in depth interview and documentation study. The results of this research shows that the implementation of the workers 39 League Indonesia as the role given by the Government to improve industrial relations harmony is still not reached. That is because the Liga Pekerja Indonesia which should be an effort of strengthening industrial relations among the three actors can only strengthen the group of workers as participants who became a football team in Liga Pekerja Indonesia. Coordination between the parties involved also has not run properly due to lack of communication as well as the convoluted bureaucracy. Funding has not been governed well and the registration fee which isburdening the participants also became one of the factors as to why the harmony of industrial relations through Liga Pekerja Indonesia has not been achieved. "

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Proses pembentukan ruang publik di kota dilakukan oleh tiga pemerintah, pebisnis dan masyarakat. Dalam mewujudkan kota yang berkeadilan, setiap pemerintah memiliki kontrol terhadap ruang berupa kebijakan (top-down), sedangkan pebisnis dan masyarakat melakukan necessary dan optional activity-nya masing-masing dalam ruang kota sebagai tindakan dari sisi bottom-up. Fenomena terjadinya pembentukan ruang publik oleh ketiga aktor tersebut dapat ditinjau dengan metode placemaking. Studi kasus yang diambil untuk penelitian ini adalah CFD Sudirman-Thamrin, DKI Jakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi mekanisme pemerintah dalam membentuk ruang CFD serta menganalisis proses pembentukan ruang publik melalui placemaking oleh pebisnis dan masyarakat pada kegiatan CFD. Untuk mengetahui kondisi lapangan, peneliti melakukan observasi partisipatif. Selanjutnya dilakukan wawancara secara mendalam dan observasi lanjutan, serta analisis data secara deskriptif dan spasial. Masing-masing dinas/pemerintahan melakukan pengontrolan atas ruang sesuai tugasnya, tetapi belum dalam kerangka besar mewujudkan ruang publik untuk masyarakat. Adanya masyarakat yang melakukan necessary dan optional activity-nya menarik partisipan lainnya untuk berpartisipasi dalam ruang publik. Ruang publik pada saat pelaksanaan CFD telah menjadi ruang aktivitas sosial yang yang inklusif dan atraktif. Kekayaan aktivitas ruang publiknya yang terbukti dalam tinjauan The Power of 10 Places and Things to do, menjadi modal sosial dan ekonomi yang baik untuk masyarakat perkotaan.

 

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The process of making public spaces in the city is carried out by three main actors that are governments, business people and community. In the making of equity city, every government has control over space in with their policies (top-down action), while businesses and communities do necessary and optional activity in the city space as a bottom-up action. The phenomenon of making public spaces by the three actors can be reviewed by the method of placemaking. The case study taken was CFD Sudirman-Thamrin, DKI Jakarta. This study aims to identify government mechanisms in making CFD space and analyze the process of making public spaces through placemaking by business people and the communities in CFD. To find out the field conditions, researchers conducted the participatory observation. Furthermore, in-depth interviews and follow-up observations were carried out, as well as descriptive and spatial data analysis. The findings are each department/government controls the space according to its duties, but it is not in the big framework of making places or public space for the community yet. The existence of communities that does necessary and optional activity attracts other participants to participate in public spaces. Public spaces at the time of CFD implementation have become spaces of social activity that are inclusive and attractive. The wealth of public space activity that is evident in the review of The Power of 10 Places and Things to do, is a good social and economic capital for urban communities.

 

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"Berdasarkan data statistik BPOM (2021), masih terdapat 100 sarana produksi dan 778 sarana distribusi kosmetik yang tidak memenuhi ketentuan, bahkan terdapat 482 laporan efek samping penggunaan kosmetik yang menandakan rendahnya ketaatan pelaku usaha terhadap ketentuan produksi dan peredaran kosmetik. Kemudian, dalam memasarkan produknya, pelaku usaha melakukan promosi di berbagai media sosial dengan mekanisme endorsement. Terhadap promosi kosmetika, hanya 72,15% yang memenuhi ketentuan dari target sebesar 86%. Salah satu kasus yang sampai ke Mahkamah Agung ialah kasus produksi, peredaran, dan promosi kosmetika dengan Nomor Putusan 3818 K/Pid.Sus/2022 yang memproduksi kosmetik dengan bahan berbahaya, tidak memiliki izin edar, dan melakukan promosi di media sosial yang dibantu oleh endorser. Oleh karena itu penulis akan membahas mengenai pengaturan produksi, peredaran dan promosi kosmetik terutama dalam Undang-Undang Kesehatan, Undang-Undang Pelindungan Konsumen, Etika Pariwara Indonesia, serta peraturan-peraturan terkait lainnya mengenai produksi, peredaran, dan promosi kosmetik yang berlaku di Indonesia. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan penelitian deskriptif analitis dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan menganalisisnya berdasarkan ketentuan yang berlaku serta memberikan rekomendasi agar dibuatnya pengaturan khusus mengenai endorsement di Indonesia. Hasil dari penelitian ini ialah diperlukan pengaturan lebih lanjut mengenai promosi produk kosmetika, khususnya mengenai tata cara dan prosedur endorsement. Selain itu, dalam Putusan a quo, seharusnya tidak hanya Karina sebagai pelaku usaha yang dapat dikenakan pertanggungjawaban tetapi juga para pengurus usaha kosmetik dan endorser yang mengiklankan kosmetik tersebut dalam sosial media mereka.

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According on National Agency of Drug and Food Control (BPOM) statistical data of 2021, there are still 100 manufacture facilities and 778 distribution facilities that don't adhere to the rules. In addition, there have been 482 reports of cosmetics side effects indicating the low rate compliance of business actors to the provisions of cosmetics manufacture and distribution rules. Business actors use and endorsement mechanism to promote the products on numerous social media platforms. In terms of cosmetics promotion, there only 72.15% that was met the target which is at 86%. One of the cases that reached the Court was the case for the manufacturing, distribution, and promotion of cosmetics with Decision Number 3818 K/Pid.Sus/2022 which manufactured cosmetics with hazardous ingredients, did not obtained a distribution permit, and conducted promotions on social media assisted by endorser. Therefore this research discuss the implementation of manufacturing and promotion regulations of cosmetics according to the Health Law and Consumer Protection Law. Furthermore this research also discuss the cosmetics promotion regulation based on Consumer Protection, EPI Law and other related regulations that apply in Indonesia. This study used descriptive analytical research with a qualitative approach and analyzed according to applicable regulations. Also the writer stipulate the recommendations for making special regulation regarding endorsements in Indonesia. The study resulted that it should not only be Karina as a business actor who can be held accountable in the a quo decision, but also cosmetic business managers and endorsers who advertise these cosmetics on their social media."