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"[ABSTRAKEmployee silence banyak terjadi di Indonesia dan menyebabkan banyak kerugian pada karyawan dan organisasi. Sayangnya, hingga saat ini masih terdapat gap pengetahuan tentang apa saja yang memengaruhi employee silence. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji apakah traditionality dan psychological safety memiliki hubungan dengan acquiescent silence dan defensive silence. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 276 karyawan di sebuah institusi pemerintahan Indonesia dengan metode survei menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil analisis multiple-regression menunjukkan bahwa psychological safety memiliki hubungan negatif dengan acquiescent silence (β = -,88; p<0,1) dan defensive silence (β = -,88; p<0,1). Selain itu, traditionality tidak memiliki hubungan dengan acquiescent silence dan defensive silence. Implikasi terhadap penelitian mengenai employee silence dan cara meminimalisasi employee silence pada organisasi didiskusikan lebih lanjut.

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ABSTRACTEmployee silence causes harms to both employees and organization. This harmful phenomenon happens a lot in Indonesia. Unfortunately, there is still a gap about what factors that can influence this behavior. This study reveals the relationships among acquiescent silence, defensive silence, traditionality, and psychological safety. The data was gathered from 276 public employees of Indonesia’s government institution by survey method. Multiple-regression analysis shows that psychological safety has negative relationships with both acquiescent silence (β = -,88; p<0,1) and defensive silence (β = -,88; p<0,1). There is no relationship between traditionality and acquiescent silence and also between traditionality and defensive silence. Implications for research on employee silence and means to reduce employee silence in organizations are discussed., ABSTRAKEmployee silence banyak terjadi di Indonesia dan menyebabkan banyak kerugian pada karyawan dan organisasi. Sayangnya, hingga saat ini masih terdapat gap pengetahuan tentang apa saja yang memengaruhi employee silence. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji apakah traditionality dan psychological safety memiliki hubungan dengan acquiescent silence dan defensive silence. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 276 karyawan di sebuah institusi pemerintahan Indonesia dengan metode survei menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil analisis multiple-regression menunjukkan bahwa psychological safety memiliki hubungan negatif dengan acquiescent silence (β = -,88; p<0,1) dan defensive silence (β = -,88; p<0,1). Selain itu, traditionality tidak memiliki hubungan dengan acquiescent silence dan defensive silence. Implikasi terhadap penelitian mengenai employee silence dan cara meminimalisasi employee silence pada organisasi didiskusikan lebih lanjut.

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ABSTRACTEmployee silence causes harms to both employees and organization. This harmful phenomenon happens a lot in Indonesia. Unfortunately, there is still a gap about what factors that can influence this behavior. This study reveals the relationships among acquiescent silence, defensive silence, traditionality, and psychological safety. The data was gathered from 276 public employees of Indonesia’s government institution by survey method. Multiple-regression analysis shows that psychological safety has negative relationships with both acquiescent silence (β = -,88; p<0,1) and defensive silence (β = -,88; p<0,1). There is no relationship between traditionality and acquiescent silence and also between traditionality and defensive silence. Implications for research on employee silence and means to reduce employee silence in organizations are discussed.]"

"Sekalipun employee accountability adalah hal esensial di organisasi, penelitian terkait mekanisme terjadinya employee accountability karyawan masih sangat kurang. Dengan menggunakan teori Conservation of Resources, tesis ini bertujuan untuk memahami pengaruh empowering leadership terhadap employee accountability melalui psychological safety dan pengaruh formalisasi pada employee accountability khususnya di kementerian. Data diambil dengan metode convenience sampling. dari 167 responden dengan menggunakan alat ukur yang mempunyai reliabilitas yang tinggi (yaitu antara 0,71 sampai 0,96). Melalui teknik analisis Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) parceling, tesis ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) empowering leadership berpengaruh terhadap employee accountability melalui psychological safety; (2) formalisasi berpengaruh langsung terhadap employee accountability. Berdasarkanhasil yang ditemukan, perlu dilakukannya penelitian lebih dalam terkait faktor yang memengaruhi employee accountability dari sisi internal, serta penting untuk meneliti gaya kepemimpinan lainnya karena mengingat topik tersebut masih perlu banyak dikembangkan.

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Although employee accountability is essential in organizations, research related to the mechanism of employee accountability is still very lacking. Using the Theory of Conservation of Resources, this thesis aims to understand the influence of empowering leadership on employee accountability through psychological safety and the influence of formalization on employee accountability, especially in the ministry. The data were taken by convenience sampling method. of the 167 respondents using measuring instruments that have high reliability (i.e. between 0.71 and 0.96). Through structural equation modeling (SEM) parceling analysis techniques, this thesis shows that: (1) empowering leadership affects employee accountability through psychological safety ; (2) formalization has a direct effect on employee accountability. Based on the results found, it is necessary to conduct deeper research related to factors that affect employee accountability from the internal side, and it is important to examine other leadership styles because considering that the topic still needs to be developed a lot."

"ABSTRAKDalam rangka reformasi birokrasi, perubahan menjadi hal yang harus dihadapi oleh lembaga pemerintah agar dapat menunjukkan kinerja lebih baik yang diharapkan oleh masyarakat dan sesuai dengan semangat orientasi pelayanan, namun pada umumnya masih banyak lembaga yang belum berhasil melakukan perubahan karena kurangnya kesiapan untuk berubah dan adanya sikap negatif pegawai terhadap perubahan. Pegawai untuk menjadi siap dalam menghadapi perubahan memerlukan iklim psikologis yang aman. Rasa aman psikologis dapat memfasilitasi kebutuhan belajar dan berkembang melalui rasa aman pada pegawai untuk mengambil risiko dianggap salah atau tidak mampu oleh atasan dan lingkungan kemudian berani mengambil inisiatif untuk terlibat dalam perubahan. Untuk mendukung suasana rasa aman dibutuhkan gaya kepemimpinan pelayan. Kepemimpinan pelayan dipandang sebagai kepemimpinan yang bermanfaat melalui caranya dalam membangun, melibatkan, dan mengembangkan pegawai. Hal ini menjadi acuan dalam penelitian untuk melihat peran rasa aman psikologis sebagai variabel penengah pada hubungan antara kepemimpinan pelayan dan kesiapan untuk berubah. Penelitian dilakukan kepada pegawai negeri sipil pada salah satu lembaga pemerintah dengan mengukur persepsi terhadap kepemimpinan pelayan, rasa aman psikologis dan kesiapan untuk berubah yang dirasakan oleh pegawai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rasa aman psikologis dapat berperan sebagai variabel penengah sebagian pada hubungan antara kepemimpinan pelayan dengan kesiapan untuk berubah. Dalam hal ini kepemimpinan pelayan memiliki efek langsung dan tidak langsung, yaitu melalui rasa aman psikologis, terhadap kesiapan untuk berubah.

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ABSTRACTAbstract In the bureaucracy reform, the changes become the things that government agencies have to deal with in order to show better performance that is expected by the community and in line with the spirit of service orientation, but in general there are still many institutions that have not succeeded in making changes due to lack of readiness to change and attitude negative employees to change. Employees to be ready for change need a psychological safety climate. Psychological safety can facilitate learning needs and evolve through a sense of security for employees to risk being perceived as either incapable or inadequate by their bosses and the environment and then taking the initiative to engage in change. To support a sense of security requires a servant leadership style. Servant leadership is seen as a useful leadership through the way they build, engage and develop employees. This is a reference in research to see the role of psychological safety as an mediator variable on the relationship between servant leadership and readiness for change. The study was conducted for civil servants in one government agency by measuring perceptions of servant leadership, psychological safety and readiness for change perceived by employees. The results indicate that psychological safety may serve as a partial mediator variable on the relationship between servant leadership and readiness for change. In this case the servant leadership has a direct and indirect effect, namely through psychological security, to the readiness for change."

"Perkembangan teknologi diera industri 4.0 yang semakin pesat memberikan dampak pada persaingan bisnis global yang semakin ketat. Hal tersebut menuntut bisnis untuk memiliki daya saing agar dapat bertahan di dalam persaingan bisnis global. Inovasi merupakan salah satu solusi bisnis untuk menciptakan daya saing tersebut. Inovasi sendiri sangat berkaitan dengan perilaku inovatif, sehingga dalam hal ini sumber daya manusia menjadi aset penting perusahaan untuk mencapai inovasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh Psychological Capital terhadap Innovative Behavior dengan Psychological Safety sebagai variabel mediasi. Penelitian ini melakukan studi terhadap karyawan pada PT Bank X Syariah Kantor Pusat yang telah bekerja selama lebih dari 1 tahun. Masing-masing variabel penelitian diukur dengan menggunakan teori dari Luthans et al. untuk mengukur Psychological Capital, teori dari Scott dan Bruce untuk mengukur Innovative Behavior, dan teori dari Edmondson untuk mengukur Psychological Safety. Data penelitian yang terkumpul pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data kuantitatif dengan metode survey kuesioner secara online melalui Google Form. Teknik penarikan sampel pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan total sampling terhadap karyawan pada PT Bank X Syariah Kantor Pusat yang berjumlah 98 responden. Hipotesis penelitian ini dibuktikan melalui analisis statistik inferensial yang terdiri dari analisis regresi linier, analisis variabel mediasi degan Causal Step, dan analisis hubungan tidak langsung dengan Sobel Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Psychological Capital secara signifikan memiliki pengaruh langsung terhadap innovative behavior dan Psychological Safety. Begitupula dengan Psychological Safety yang secara signifikan berpangaruh positif terhadap Innovative Behavior. Akan tetapi, berdasarkan hasil uji mediasi pada penelitian ini diketahui bahwa Psychological Safety tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan dalam memediasi hubungan antara Psychological Capital terhadap Innovative Behavior.

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The disruption of technology in the era of industry 4.0 has an impact on increasingly global business competition. This requires businesses to have competitiveness in order to survive in that competition. Innovation is one of business solution to create the competitiveness. Innovative itself is closely related to innovative behavior, so that in thus case human resources are an important asset for companies to achieve innovation. This study aims to examine the effect of Psychological Capital on Innovative Behavior with Psychological Safety as a mediating variable. This study conducted on employees, who have worked for more than 1 year at PT Bank X Syariah Head Office. This study uses the theory of Psychological Capital, Innovative Behavior, and Psychological Safety to measure the variable. This reaserch data collected in this study was conducted using quantitative data collection techniques with an online survey method through Google Form. The sampling technique in this sturdy was carried out using total sampling of PT Bank X Syariah employees at the Head Office which encouraged 98 respondents. The hypothesis of this study was proven through inferential statistical analysis, consisting of linier regression analysis, mediation variable analysis through causal steps, and analysis of indirect relationship with the Sobel Test. The results showed that Psychological Capital had a significant direct effect on Inovative Behavior and Psychological Safety. Psychological safety is also have a significant positive effect on Innovative Behavior. However, based on the results of mediation test, this study found that Psychological Safety doesn’t have a significant influence in mediating the relationship between Psychological Capital on Innovative Behavior.

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"Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepemimpinan inklusif terhadap perilaku berpendapat karyawan yang dimediasi oleh persepsi keamanan psikologis dan dimoderasi oleh kepercayaan pada manajemen. Penelitian ini diikuti oleh sebanyak 218 partisipan karyawan dengan metode convenience sampling yang disebar secara online pada berbagai platform komunikasi. Metode analisis data yang digunakan di dalam penelitian ini meliputi uji korelasi dan uji analisis dengan model moderated-mediation. Hasil penelitian menyatakan, pertama, kepemimpinan inklusif berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap perilaku berpendapat. Kedua, penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa persepsi keamanan psikologis berperan sebagai mediator hubungan antara kepemimpinan inklusif dan perilaku berpendapat. Selanjutnya, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kepercayaan pada manajemen tidak signifikan dalam memoderasi hubungan kepemimpinan inklusif dengan persepsi keamanan psikologis. Terakhir, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kepercayaan pada manajemen tidak signifikan dalam memoderasi peran mediasi terhadap hubungan kepemimpinan inklusif dan perilaku berpendapat. Sebagai implikasi praktis dari hasil penelitian ini, organisasi dapat memberikan pelatihan kepemimpinan inklusif kepada para manajer.

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This study was conducted with the aim of knowing the effect of inclusive leadership on employee voice behavior that is mediated by psychological safety and moderated by trust in management. This study was followed by 218 Indonesian employees with a convenience sampling method. The analysis of this study included a correlation test and analysis moderated-mediation model. The results of the study stated, first, inclusive leadership has a positive significant effect on employee voice behavior. Second, this study proves that psychological safety mediates the relationship between inclusive leadership and voice behavior. Furthermore, the results of this study indicate that trust in management was not significant in moderating the relationship of inclusive leadership with perceptions of psychological security. Finally, this study shows that trust in management is not significant in moderating the mediating role of the relationship between inclusive leadership and opinion behavior. As a practical implication of the results of this study, organizations can provide inclusive leadership training to managers."

"Akuntabilitas dapat memengaruhi bagaimana karyawan mengerjakan apa yang menjadi kewajibannya, dan pemimpin merupakan salah satu faktor penting yang dapat memotivasi karyawan berperilaku akuntabel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi proses timbulnya perilaku akuntabilitas karyawan melalui peran pemimpin dan peran individu yang dijelaskan berdasarkan asumsi pentingnya high-quality relationship. Studi kuantitatif dengan desain non-eksperimental ini melibatkan 279 karyawan dari sebuah Perusahaan Umum Daerah (PERUMDA) yang bergerak di bidang air minum. Reliabilitas masing-masing alat ukur yang digunakan berkisar antara 0,70-0,91. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa: (1) psychological safety memediasi hubungan positif antara leader humility dengan employee accountability (ß = 0,04, bootstrapping 95% CI = [0,02, 0,08]) ; (2) formalisasi berdampak positif dalam hubungan antara psychological safety dengan employee accountability (ß = 0,19, p < 0,01) ; (3) efek tidak langsung dari leader humility terhadap employee accountability melalui psychological safety menjadi lebih kuat ketika tingkat formalisasi meningkat. Model penelitian ini mampu memprediksi sebesar 38% varians dari akuntabilitas karyawan. Hasil penelitian ini dapat memberikan kontribusi terhadap perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan mengenai akuntabilitas dan model kepemimpinan bahwa peran pemimpin yang mendukung dan peran individu dapat memicu timbulnya akuntabilitas karyawan.

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Accountability can affect how employees do their responsibilities, and the leader is one of the important factors that can motivate employees to behave accountably. This study aims to identify the process of employee accountability behavior that arising through the leader's role and the individual's role that is explained based on the assumption of the importance of high-quality relationships. This quantitative study with a non-experimental design involved 279 employees of a regional public company in drinking water sector. The reliability of each measuring instruments used are between 0.70-0.91. The analysis showed that: (1) psychological safety mediates the positive relationship between leader humility and employee accountability (ß = 0.04, bootstrapping 95% CI = [0.02, 0.08]) ; (2) formalization has a positive impact on the relationship between psychological safety and employee accountability (ß = 0.19, p < 0.01) ; (3) the indirect effect of leader humility on employee accountability through psychological safety becomes stronger when the level of formalization increases. This research model predicts 38% of employee accountability’s variance, and is able to provide contribution to the development of employee accountability and leadership models studies that supportive role of the leaders and the role of individuals are essentials in affecting employee accountability."

"Industri Jasa Keuangan merupakan sektor yang sangat strategis, sehingga harus dapat cepat beradaptasi untuk menghadapi persaingan ekonomi yang dinamis dan situasi global yang cepat berubah. Otoritas Jasa Keuangan disingkat OJK adalah Lembaga Independen yang bertugas untuk membantu pemerintah dalam mengatur, mengawasi dan melindungi masyarakat serta Industri Jasa Keuangan untuk mewujudkan Indonesia yang maju dimasa depan. Ekspektasi pemangku kepentingan terhadap OJK yang semakin tinggi dalam melakukan pelaksanaan tugas pengawasan, pembuatan kebijakan, sehingga guna menghadapi tantangan dimasa depan OJK perlu memperhatikan kompetensi Sumber Daya Manusia di organisasinya agar dapat menjadi unggul yaitu berperilaku inovatif dimana pegawai dapat berani menyampaikan ide/gagasan dengan melakukan pengujian dan risiko yang terukur serta mampu berupaya mengimplementasikannya ketika menghadapi permasalahan pada pelaksanaan tugas. Pentingnya innovative work behavior pada pegawai OJK saat ini diperlukan guna mendukung berkembangnya sektor jasa keuangan yang sehat di Indonesia, mewujudkan citra OJK yang positif, dan keberlangsungan organisasi dimasa yang akan datang. Melalui beberapa studi literatur yang sudah di dalami, faktor yang dianggap berpengaruh terhadap Innovative work behavior di organisasi yaitu antara lain Kepemimpinan Transformasional, Budaya Organisasi, dan Psychological Safety. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui metode kuantitatif dengan survei kepada pegawai di Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. Responden adalah Pegawai tetap level Jabatan Staf, Pegawai Tata Usaha dan Pegawai Dasar di OJK. Data diolah menggunakan metode Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) dengan program SmartPLS versi 4.0. Innovative work behavior diukur dengan menggunakan instrumen dari De Jong Hartog (2010), Kepemimpinan Transformasional menggunakan alat ukur Bass, Bernard M. dkk (2006) dan Budaya Organisasi di OJK yaitu INPRESIVE. Sedangkan Psychological Safety diukur menggunakan teori Edmondson A. (1999). Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Kepemimpinan Transformasional, Budaya Organisasi, memiliki pengaruh secara langsung positif dan signifikan dan Psychological Safety sebagai mediator terhadap innovative work behavior di Otoritas Jasa Keuangan.

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The Financial Services Industry is a very strategic sector, so it must be able to adapt quickly to face dynamic economic competition and rapidly changing global situations. The Financial Services Authority, abbreviated as OJK, is an Independent Institution tasked with assisting the government in regulating, supervising and protecting the public and the Financial Services Industry to realize an advanced Indonesia in the future. Stakeholder expectations of OJK are increasingly high in carrying out supervisory duties, policy making, so that in order to face future challenges, OJK needs to pay attention to the competence of Human Resources in its organization so that it can excel, namely behaving innovatively where employees can dare to convey ideas/concepts by conducting measurable tests and risks and are able to try to implement them when facing problems in carrying out tasks. The importance of innovative work behavior in OJK employees is currently needed to support the development of a healthy financial services sector in Indonesia, realize a positive image of OJK, and the sustainability of the organization in the future. Through several literature studies that have been studied, the factors that are considered to influence Innovative work behavior in the organization include Transformational Leadership, Organizational Culture, and Psychological Safety. This research was conducted using a quantitative method with a survey of employees at the Financial Services Authority. Respondents are permanent employees at the Staff Position level, Administrative Employees and Basic Employees at OJK. Data are processed using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method with the SmartPLS version 4.0 program. Innovative work behavior is measured using the instrument from De Jong Hartog (2010), Transformational Leadership using the Bass, Bernard M. et al. (2006) measuring instrument and Organizational Culture at OJK, namely INPRESIVE. While Psychological Safety is measured using the theory of Edmondson A. (1999). The results of this study indicate that Transformational Leadership, Organizational Culture, have a direct positive and significant influence and Psychological Safety as a mediator on innovative work behavior at the Financial Services Authority."

"Psychological safety yang rendah telah berkontribusi terhadap kecelakaan-kecelakaan besar yang terjadi di industri minyak dan gas bumi. PT. X yang merupakan salah satu industri minyak dan gas bumi di Indonesia merujuk pada hasil Health & Safety Engagement Survey dan analisis cidera akibat kerja menunjukkan bahwa profil psychological safety pada pekerja fasilitas produksi minyak dan gas bumi lepas pantai di PT. X perlu ditingkatkan. Oleh karena itu, peneliitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis profil psychological safety dan faktor – faktor yang berhubungan dengan profil psychological safety guna dapat memberikan rekomendasi yang tepat dalam rangka peningkatan profil psychological safety pada pekerja fasilitas produksi minyak dan gas bumi lepas pantai di PT. X. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada periode Maret – Juni 2024 di 4 (empat) lokasi menggunakan metode penelitian campuran, yaitu metode kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional dan metode kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus. Sampel untuk metode kuantitatif berjumlah 255 responden dan sampel untuk metode kualitatif berjumlah 8 (delapan) informan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden (65,5%) memiliki profil psychological safety rendah yang berarti sebagian besar responden merasa takut untuk melakukan hal – hal yang berkaitan dengan HSE. Kemudian, dengan menggunakan uji chi square didapatkan bahwa faktor – faktor yang berhubungan dengan profil psychological safety pada pekerja fasilitas produksi minyak dan gas bumi lepas pantai di PT. X, yaitu kompetensi keselamatan (OR 3,37, 95% CI 1,96 – 5,78), kepercayaan (OR 5,35, 95% CI 3,06 – 9,36), tekanan rekan kerja (OR 5,27, 95% CI 3,00 – 9,26), hubungan interpersonal (OR 6,05, 95% CI 3,40 – 10,75), tekanan pekerjaan (OR 4,88, 95% CI 2,80 – 8,50), kecerdasan emosional manajemen lapangan (OR 7,43, 95% CI 3,97 – 13,89), kebijakan, poses dan prosedur (OR 6,94, 95% CI 3,91 – 12,33), penekanan hirarki atasan bawahan (OR 1,88, 95% CI 1,07 – 3,29). Selain itu, faktor lain yang berhubungan dengan profil psychological safety yang terungkap berdasarkan metode kualitatif melalui wawancara semi terstruktur yaitu proses investigasi.

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Low psychological safety has contributed to major accidents occurred in oil and gas industry. PT. X is an oil and gas industry in Indonesia which referred to the result of Health & Safety Engagement Survey and analysis of occupational injuries showed that psychological safety profile of offshore oil and gas production facility’s workers in PT. X need to be improved. Therefore, this research aimed to analyze the psychological safety profile and associated factors of the psychological safety profile in order to provide effetive recommendations to improve psychological safety profile of offshore oil and gas production facility’s workers in PT. X. This research was conducted during March – June 2024 at 4 (four) locations using mixed methods, which were quantitative method with cross-sectional design and qualitative method with case study design. Samples for the quantitative research were 255 respondent and samples for the qualitative method were 8 (eight) informants. The result showed that most of the respondents (65,5%) have low psychological safety profile which means that most of respondents are afraid to do HSE related matters. Then, used chi square test found that associated factors of the psychological safety profile of offshore oil and gas production facility’s workers in PT. X are safety competence (OR 3,37, 95% CI 1,96 – 5,78), trust (OR 5,35, 95% CI 3,06 – 9,36), co-worker’s pressure (OR 5,27, 95% CI 3,00 – 9,26), interpersonal relationship (OR 6,05, 95% CI 3,40 – 10,75), work pressure (OR 4,88, 95% CI 2,80 – 8,50), emotional intelligence of field management (OR 7,43, 95% CI 3,97 – 13,89), policy, process and procedure (OR 6,94, 95% CI 3,91 – 12,33), superior-subordinate hierarchy emphasizing (OR 1,88, 95% CI 1,07 – 3,29). In addition, another associated factor of the psychological safety profile revealed based on the qualitative method by semi-structured interview is investigation process."

"Dengan perkembangan tren pasar yang dapat bergitu cepat berubah, perusahaan membutuhkan karyawan yang dapat menunjukkan perilaku bersuara untuk menjaga stabilitas, menginisiasi perubahan di perusahaan serta memperbaiki kekurangan mereka untuk dapat tetap kompetitif dengan para pesaingnya. Untuk itu, studi ini mengusulkan bahwa transformational leadership sebagai faktor eksternal dan proactive personality sebagai faktor internal yang mungkin dapat mempengaruhi praktik employee voice behavior dalam perusahaan dengan dimediasi psychological safety. Data dikumpulkan dari 302 karyawan yang bekerja di perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang penyedia layanan akomodasi serta makanan dan minuman. Dampak langsung, tidak langsung, dan total pengaruh dari transformational leadership dan proactive personality yang dimediasi oleh psychological safety diuji dengan structural equation modeling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa transformational leadership dan proactive personality memiliki dampak langsung dan tidak langsung yang signifikan melalui psychological safety terhadap employee voice behavior. Saran implikasi termasuk mengintegrasikan dimensi transformational leadership, pembentukan karakter karyawan serta menciptakan lingkungan kerja yang aman bagi psikologis karyawan.

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With the market development trends that can change so quickly, companies need employees who can demonstrate voice behavior to maintain stability, initiate changes in the company and improve their deficiencies to be able to stay competitive with their competitors. For this reason, this study proposes that transformational leadership as an external factor and proactive personality as an internal factor may influence the practice of employee voice behavior in companies mediated by psychological safety. Data was collected from 302 employees who work in companies engaged in providing accommodation and food and beverage services. The direct, indirect, and total effects of transformational leadership and proactive personality mediated by psychological safety were tested using structural equation modeling. The results of the study show that transformational leadership and proactive personality have significant direct and indirect impacts through psychological safety on employee voice behavior. The suggested implications include integrating the dimensions of transformational leadership, building employee character and creating a safe work environment for employees' psychology."

"[ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan melihat hubungan antara voice efficacy dan psychological safety dengan employee voice behavior dengan persepsi bawahan terhadap perilaku etis atasan sebagai moderator. Employee voice behavior diukur dengan menggunakan alat ukur dari Van Dyne dan LePine (1998), psychological safety diukur dengan alat ukur yang dikembangkan oleh Edmondson (1999), dan persepsi bawahan terhadap perilaku etis atasan diukur melalui Ethical Leadership Scale (Brown, Treviño, & Harrison, 2005). Hasil analisis menggunakan 244 data peer-report employee voice behavior dari sampel penelitian yaitu karyawan level pelaksana di Direktorat Jenderal Y menunjukkan bahwa voice efficacy berhubungan dengan employee voice behavior (𝛽=0,139;𝑝<0,05). Akan tetapi penelitian ini tidak menemukan dukungan bahwa psychological safety berhubungan dengan employee voice behavior (𝛽=0,006;𝑝>0,05) maupun efek moderasi persepsi bawahan terhadap perilaku etis atasan pada hubungan antara voice efficacy dan employee voice behavior (𝛽=−0,108;𝑝>0,05) . Sebanyak 7,3% varians dari employee voice behavior dapat dijelaskan oleh model penelitian ini. Dari segi teoretis, penelitian ini menyarankan untuk mengadakan penelitian longitudinal dan mengontrol variabel lain yang berhubungan dengan employee voice behavior. Dari segi manajerial, penelitian ini memberikan saran kepada manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia dengan membuat desain organisasi maupun coaching yang dapat meningkatkan employee voice behavior karyawan di dalam organisasi.

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ABSTRACTThis study investigates the relationship between voice efficacy and psychological safety with employee voice behavior and the role of subordinate perceptions of supervisor’s ethical behavior as a moderator to voice efficacy- employee voice behavior relationship. Employee voice behavior was measured using the scale developed by Van Dyne and LePine (1998), psychological safety was measured by scale developed by Edmondson’s (1999), and subordinate perceptions of supervisor’s ethical leadership was measured using Ethical Leadership Scale (Brown, Treviño, & Harrison, 2005). The analysis using 244 peer-reported employee voice behavior data from Direktorat Jenderal Y shows that voice efficacy is related to employee voice behavior (𝛽=0,139;𝑝<0,05). The results also show that there is no relationship between psychological safety and employee voice behavior(𝛽=0,006;𝑝>0,05), neither the subordinate perceptions of supervisor’s ethical behavior moderates relationship between voice efficacy and employee voice behavior (𝛽=−0,108;𝑝>0,05). Moreover, 7,3% variance of employee voice behavior can be explained by the research model. From the theoretical side, this research suggests future research to consider longitudinal design and controlling for more employee voice behavior related factors. From the managerial side, this research suggests the Human Resource Management to establish the organization design and coaching that enables employee voice behavior., This study investigates the relationship between voice efficacy and psychological safety with employee voice behavior and the role of subordinate perceptions of supervisor’s ethical behavior as a moderator to voice efficacy- employee voice behavior relationship. Employee voice behavior was measured using the scale developed by Van Dyne and LePine (1998), psychological safety was measured by scale developed by Edmondson’s (1999), and subordinate perceptions of supervisor’s ethical leadership was measured using Ethical Leadership Scale (Brown, Treviño, & Harrison, 2005). The analysis using 244 peer-reported employee voice behavior data from Direktorat Jenderal Y shows that voice efficacy is related to employee voice behavior (𝛽=0,139;𝑝<0,05). The results also show that there is no relationship between psychological safety and employee voice behavior(𝛽=0,006;𝑝>0,05), neither the subordinate perceptions of supervisor’s ethical behavior moderates relationship between voice efficacy and employee voice behavior (𝛽=−0,108;𝑝>0,05). Moreover, 7,3% variance of employee voice behavior can be explained by the research model. From the theoretical side, this research suggests future research to consider longitudinal design and controlling for more employee voice behavior related factors. From the managerial side, this research suggests the Human Resource Management to establish the organization design and coaching that enables employee voice behavior.]"