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"Global Status Report on Road Safety 2019 yang dibuat oleh World HealthOrganization (WHO), sebanyak 1,24 juta korban meninggal tiap tahunnya diseluruh dunia akibat kecelakaan lalu lintas. Sedangkan di Indonesia rata-rata 3orang meninggal setiap jam akibat kecelakaan lalu lintas pada tahun 2019.Kecelakaan lalu lintas menyebabkan trauma sehingga produktivitas seseorangdapat menurun selain itu dapat menyebabkan kecacatan sementara hinggapermanen. Fraktur atau sering dikenal dengan patah tulang adalah hilangnyakontinuitas tulang, retak atau patahnya tulang yang semulanya utuh. Dampak yangditimbulkan oleh trauma pada fraktur diantranya terbatasnya aktivitas, karena rasanyeri akibat tregeseknya saraf motorik dan sensorik pada luka fraktur. Salah satutatalaksana dari fraktur adalah tindakan operasi dengan metode Open ReductionExternal Fixation (OREF). Nyeri post operasi pemasangan OREF sangatdirasakan oleh pasien. Nyeri adalah sesuatu hal yang bersifat subjektif. Rasa nyerimenghambat pasien untuk memulai menggerakkan ekstermitas yang cedera.Range Of Motion adalah tindakan keperawatan. ROM dapat menurunkanintensitas nyeri karena memperlancar sirkulasi darah, dan memelihara mobilitaspersendian, mengurangi ketegangan, serta meningkatkan relaksasi (Brunner &Suddarth, 2018).

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Global Status Report on Road Safety 2019 which was made by World Health

Organization (WHO), as many as 1,24 million people die every yearof

worldwide duee to traffic accidents. While in Indonesia an average of 3 people

die every hour due to traffic accident in 2019 pada tahun 2019. The traffic

accident cause the trauma, so that the productivity's someone can decrease. In

addition it can cause temporary to permanent disability. Fractures or often

known as fractures are the loss of continuity of bone, cracks or fractures of

bones that were originally intact. The impact caused by trauma to fractures

includes limited activity, because of the pain caused by the friction of the motor

and sensory nerves in the fracture wound. One of the treatments for fractures is

surgery using the Open Reduction External Fixation (OREF) method. The

patient feels the postoperative pain of OREF installation. Pain is something that

is subjective. Pain prevents the patient start moving the injured extremity.

Range Of Motion is a nursing action. ROM can reduce pain intensity because it

facilitates blood circulation, and maintains joint mobility, reduces tension, and

increases relaxation (Brunner & Suddarth, 2018).

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"ABSTRAKAnalisis Penerapan Range Of Motion Untuk Mengurangi Nyeri Pada Klien Post ORIF Plate And Screw e.c Close Fraktur Tibia Fibula Dextra 1/3 Distal Di Ruang Rawat Bedah RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Fraktur adalah terputusnya kontinuitas tulang dan terjadi jika tulang dikenai stress yang lebih besar dari yang dapat diabsorbsinya. Salah satu penatalaksanaan yang dilakukan adalah dengan Open Reduction Internal Fixation dimana fragmen tulang yang patah akan di stabilisasi dengan menggunakan pin dan skrup. Saat ini klien memasuki proses penyembuhan tulang dalam fase inflamasi,  dimana dalam proses inflamasi akan muncul permasalahan yang dialami oleh klien paska tindakan ORIF diantaranya yaitu nyeri. Nyeri dapat mengakibatkan masalah pada sistem muskuloskeletal seperti keram otot, berkurangnya fungsi tulang, fatigue dan keterbatasan gerak. Terapi nonfarmakologis yang dapat diberikan kepada klien untuk mengurangi nyeri paska ORIF adalah dengan melakukan Range Of Motion. Manfaat melakukan gerakan Range Of Motion adalah dapat menentukan nilai kemampuan sendi tulang dan otot, memperlancar sirkulasi darah serta dapat memperbaiki tonus otot.  Untuk itu tujuan dari penulisan karya ilmiah ini adalah untuk menganalisis terkait Range Of Motion untuk mengurangi nyeri pada klien post ORIF plate and screw. Setelah mendapatkan implementasi terapi Range Of Motion klien mengalami penurunan skala nyeri.

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ABSTRACTAnalysis of the Application  Range of Motion to Reduce Pain in Post Client ORIF Plate and Screw e.c Close Fracture Tibia Fibula Dextra 1/3 Distal in the Surgical Hospital Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo A fracture is a break in bone continuity and occurs when the bone is subjected to a stress that is greater than it can absorb. One of the treatments performed is the Open Reduction Internal Fixation in which the broken bone fragments are stabilized using pins and couplers. Currently the client enters the bone healing process in the inflammatory phase, where in the inflammatory process the problems experienced by the client after the ORIF action will arise, including pain. Pain can lead to problems in the musculoskeletal system such as muscle cramps, reduced bone function, fatigue and limited movement. Non-pharmacological therapy that can be given to clients to reduce pain after ORIF is to do Range Of Motion. The benefits of doing Range Of Motion movement are that it can determine the value of the ability of bone and muscle joints, improve blood circulation and can improve muscle tone. For this reason, the purpose of writing this scientific paper is to analyze the related Range Of Motion to reduce pain in post ORIF plate and screw clients. After getting the implementation of Range Of Motion therapy, clients experience a decrease in the pain scale."

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AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine individual orangutan home rangesand core areas and identify overlapping areas among individuals. The researchwas conducted over 34 months, at Cabang Panti Research Station, Gunung PalungNational Park, West Kalimantan. Observations were conducted by focal animalsampling, were taken 30 minutes points during focal follows. Data results showthat the average daily journey length of a female orangutan at Cabang Pantiwas762 meters and the average length of a male was 748 meters. Based onKernel analysis, it was determined that a female orangutan home range areaoccupies 33,6% of the research area on average, roughly quivalent to a male?shome range, which occupies 36,9% of the research area. Meanwhile, the averagefemale orangutan core area was 36 ha and average male core area was 43 ha.Among female orangutans, Beth was the adult female who had the largest overlaparea with the male ranges, wheareas Codet (a flanged male) and Zorro (anunflanged male) had the largest overlap areas with the female ranges."

"ABSTRAKThis research was conducted to examine signaling hypothesis and trading range hypothesis for companies splitting their stock in Jakarta Stock Exchange for the period of2000- 2003. Two statistical analysis were used in this research, parametric statistic i.e. independent t test, paired t test, and the non parametric statistic i.e. Whitney U test. Normality and equality of variance were done to determine which analysis to be used. Sample size of ihis research consists of 28 companies which split their stocks and 60 companies which do not split their stocks. Samplewas chosen by simple random sampling. The result of this research shows that thereis a signaling on profit growth differences in the year 2001, and there is no signalingon yearly profit increase over 4 years before stock splits. On the other hand, thereis a trading rmlge on market stock price in the year 2000 and 2003; this was alsoshown by trading volume stock."

"Pengetahuan mengenai manfaat klinis kadar magnesium serum baru dimulai akhir-akhir ini sering dengan adanya analisis dan penemuam bahwa kadar magnesium abnormal pada gangguan kardiovaskuler,metabolik dan neuromuskuler."

"Pengetahuan mengenai manfaat klinis kadar magnesium serum baru dimulai akhir-akhir ini setting dengan adanya analisis dan penemuan bahwa kadar magnesium abnormal pada gangguan kardiovaskuler, metabolik dan neuromuskuler. Meskipun kadarnya di serum lidak menggambarkan kadar magnesium tubuh, tetapi saat ini yang dikenal Iuas penggunaannya hanya pemeriksaan kadar magnesium serum. Magnesium eritrosil saat ini dinilai lebih sensitif dari pada magnesium serum, karena magnesium eritrosit dapat mewakili penilaian status magnesium intrasel. Menurun NCCLS (National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards) setiap laboratorium dianjurkan memiliki nilai rujukan sendiri untuk pemeriksaan yang dikerjakannya, termasuk juga pemeriksaan magnesium. Nilai rujukan yang didapat sesuai dengan populasi dan dipengaruhi oleh metode serta teknik pemeriksaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menidapatkan nilai rujukan magnesium dalamn serum dan plasma serta mendapatkan nilai rujukan magnesium intrasel yaitu magnesium eritrosit dengan metode pemeriksaan langsung dan mengtlahui perbandingan hasil pemeriksaan antara magnesium serum dengan plasma. Bahan darah diambii dari 114 peserta donor darah di Unit Transfusi Darah Daerah (UTDD) Budhyarto PMl DKl Jakarta, terdiri dari 57 orang pria dan 57 orang wanita berusia antara 17-65 tahun, secara klinis sehat menurut kriteria donor darah PMl. Darah diambii dari selang blood set, langsung dimasukkan 4 mL ke dalam tabling vakum tanpa antikoagulan untuk pemeriksaan magnesium serum dan 3 mL kedalam tabling vakum dengan antikoagulan lithium heparin untuk pemeriksaan magnesium eritrosit dan plasma. Penetapan kadar magnesium dilakukan dengan alat kimia klinis olomatis Hitachi 912 dengan metode Xylidil Blue dengan prinsip kolorimetri.Pada penelitian ini didapatkan tidak ada perbedaan bermakna untuk hasil pemeriksaan magnesium ekstrasel memakai bahan serum maupun plasma heparin. Nilai rujukan untuk magnesium serum atau plasma adalah 1.30 - 2.00 mEtq/L dan magnesium eritrosit adalah 4.46-7.10 mEq/L. (Med J Iiidones 2006; 15:229-235).

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The interest in the clinical importance of serum magnesium level has just recently begun with the analysis and findings of abnormal magnesium level in cardiovascular, metabolic and neuromuscular disorder. Although the serum level does not reflect the body magnesium level, but currently, only serum magnesium determination is widely used. Erylhrocyte magnesium is considered more sensitive than serum magnesium as it reflects intracelhdar magnesium status. According to NCCLS (National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards) every laboratory is recommended to have its own reference range for the tests it performs, including magnesium determination. The reference range obtained is appropriate for the population and affected by the method and technique. This study aimed to find the reference range of serum and plasma magnesium and also intracelhdar magnesium i.e. erythrocyte magnesium by direct method, and compare the results of serum and plasma magnesium. Blood was taken from 114-blood donor from Unit Transfusi Darah Daerah (UTDD) Budhyarto Palang Merah Indonesia (PMl) DKl Jakarta, consisted of 57 male and 57 female, aged 17 - 65 years, clinically healthy according to PMl donor criteria. Blood was taken from blood set, collected into 4 ml vacuum tube without anticoagulant for serum magnesium determination and 3 ml vacuum tube with lithium heparin for determination of erythrocyte and plasma magnesium Determination of magnesium level was performed with clinical chemistry auto analyzer Hitachi 912 by Xylidil Blue method color/metrically. This study showed no significant difference between serum and heparinized plasma extra cellular magnesium. The reference range for serum or plasma magnesium was 1.30 - 2.00 mEq/L and for erythrocyte magnesium was 4.46 - 7.10 mEq/L (MedJIndones 2006; 15:229-35)."

"A quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator (QVCO) with a wide tuning range is proposed and implemented in the TSMC 0.18-um CMOS process. The said QVCO uses a cross-coupled structure and a current-reuse technology to produce the quadrature signal and to save power consumption and area, respectively. Based on our measurement, the phase noise with 1-MHz offset from the carrier frequency of 3.6 GHz is -114 dBc/Hz and the proposed QVCO has a wide-band tuning range of 3.6-4.9 GHz. Also, the maximal phase error and power imbalance are less than 5' and 1.5 dB, respectively, and the power consumption is 8 mW at 2-V power supply voltage. "

"Antenna footprint indicates the shape and size of the area illuminated by the antenna on the ground surface or subsurface. For GPR it is important as it determines the cross-range resolution of the radar. In this paper we demontrate that an array antenna comprising a number of rolled-dipole elements can produce a variable footprint by activating certain elements and deactivating the others. In this way the size of the array's footprint can be adjusted to remain comparable with the cross section of various targets which in turn minimizes clutter and improving the GPR performance . This paper presents FDTD simulation results and preliminary experimental result of the proposed antenna."