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"Perumahan Cinta Kasih Tzu Chi merupakan suatu perumahan yang menampung warga gusuran Kali Angke akibat dicanangkannya Program Kali Bersih oleh Pemda DKI Jakarta. Komunitas perumahan tersebut mempunyai tingkat kompetensi yang rendah. Dengan salah satu aspek rendahnya pengetahuan tentang creative problem solving process. Untuk membantu komunitas meningkatkan kompetensinya dilaksanakan serangkaian kegiatan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan mengenai creative problem solving process. Target intervensi yang dituju adalah kalangan pemuda.Landasan yang digunakan dalam intervensi sosial ini adalah Lima Elemen dari Social Action yaitu cause, change agency, change targets, channels, dan change strategy. Sedangkan untuk proses perubahan perilaku individual menggunakan Trans-theoretical Model of Behavior Change dari Prochaska et al. Serta digunakannya Social Cognitive dari Bandura sebagai landasan proses perubahan perilaku kelompok. Prinsip dari teori ini adalah reciprocal determinism bahwa komponen kognisi, tingkah laku, dan lingkungan saling mempengaruhi.Program dirancang menjadi 13 langkah dimulai dan lobbying sampai dengan pemantauan berkala. Tulisan ini hanya menjabarkan langkah 1 sampai dengan kelima dilanjutkan dengan langkah ke sembilan sampai dengan tigabelas dengan fokus tulisan pada pelatihan peningkatan pengetahuan creative problem solving process.Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan program berjalan sesuai rancangan yang telah dibuat. Tujuan kegiatan terpenuhi, ditandai dengan tercapainya indikator keberhasilan. Pelatihan ini mendapat tanggapan yang positif dari target intervensi.

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Tzu Chi Housing Complex is provided for the people of Kali Angke who lost their houses when DKI Jakarta regional government implemented "Clean River Program". The community in Tzu Chi Housing Complex has a relatively low competency. This had led I to develop a program to deepen their knowledge in creative problem solving process in order to increase community competency. The intervention target of our program is the youth.

This social intervention is based on five elements of Social Action which are cause, change agency, change targets, channels, and change strategy. While individual changing behaviour is based on Prochaska et al Trans-theoretical Model of Behavior Change. Furthermore, group changing behaviour is based on Bandura's Social Cognitive. The main argument of this theory is reciprocal determinism which says that cognition, attitude and environment are interconnected.

This program was consisted of 13 phases, started from lobbying up to periodically monitoring. This thesis only describes step 1 up to step 5, followed by step 9 up to step 13, focusing on training of deepening knowledge in creative problem solving process.

The result of our evaluation showed that this program has run smoothly as was planned. It successfully accomplished its objective as shown by the accomplishment indicator. Furthermore, it received a positive respond from the intervention target."

"This book contains a series of chapters by authors with first-hand experience in the One-day,one-problem PBL approach. The chapters are both research-informed and practical. Results of empirical studies into the factors of PBL such as quality of problems, tutor behaviours, scaffoldings, student learning and interest are discussed together with practical implications for the educator."

"Latar Belakang: Umpan balik membantu mahasiswa mencapai tujuan pembelajaran dan membantu staf pengajar menjamin pencapaian sasaran pembelajaran oleh mahasiswa. Berdasarkan penelitian, perbedaan persepsi mengenai umpan balik antara staf pengajar dan mahasiswa dapat menghambat proses pemberian dan penerimaan umpan balik. Sampai saat ini belum diketahui proses pemberian dan penerimaan umpan balik dalam diskusi Problem Based Learning (PBL) di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Abulyatama, sehingga perlu dilakukan eksplorasi mengenai gambaran keseluruhan pemberian dan penerimaan umpan balik pada tutor dan mahasiswa tahap pre-klinik. Pemberian umpan balik konstruktif dapat memotivasi mahasiswa, memperbaiki kinerja dan mempersiapkan diri untuk masuk ke tahap klinik. Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan rancangan fenomenologi. Pengambilan data menggunakan focus group discussion (FGD) pada tutor dan mahasiswa pra klinik serta observasi kegiatan diskusi PBL dengan menggunakan daftar tilik. Hasil: Berdasarkan analisis data kualitatif ditemukan tiga faktor yang mempengaruhi pemberian umpan balik oleh tutor, yaitu; 1) Tutor kurang memahami materi pembelajaran, 2) Sikap tutor yang tidak peduli terhadap diskusi, 3) Tidak memiliki waktu untuk memberikan umpan balik. Sedangkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi diterima atau tidaknya umpan balik oleh mahasiswa yaitu; 1) Sikap tutor (ramah, arogan dan tidak peduli) selama diskusi PBL, 2) Karakter mahasiswa (dapat menerima dan tidak dapat menerima umpan balik negatif) , 3) Reaksi afektif, 4) Self assessment, 5) Kepercayaan mahasiswa terhadap staf pengajar kurang dan 6) Umpan balik tidak spesifik. Kesimpulan : Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi proses pemberian umpan balik harus mendapat perhatian khusus dari tutor agar umpan balik yang diberikan dapat ditanggapi oleh mahasiswa. Tutor dan mahasiswa sepakat bahwa umpan balik konstruktif dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar mahasiswa

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Background: Feedback should help student to achieve learning objectives and teacher to ensure achievement of learning objectives by student. Based on the research, the different perceptions about feedback between teachers and students can obstruct the process of delivering and receiving the feedback process. Hitherto, the process of delivering and receiving feedback in Problem Based Learning discussion at the Medical School of University of Abulyatama is not known yet. Thus, an exploration of the overall picture of delivering and receiving feedback to the tutors and the students of preclinical stage is necessary. The delivery of constructive feedback should be able to motivate students in improving their performance and prepare them to enter the Clinical Stage.

Method : This study used qualitative research methods with phenomenology study. Data was retrieved trough focus group discussion (FGD) on tutors and students and observation of PBL discussions using a checklist.

Result: Based on the qualitative data analysis it is found that three influential factors for the delivery of feedback are 1) Incomprehension of tutors upon the learning material, 2) Lack of attention on discussion, 3) Lack of time to deliver the feedback. Whereas, factors that influenced whether or not feedback was received by the students are 1) Attitude of tutors (friendly, arrogant and careless) during discussion, 2) Students’ characteristic (can or cannot receive negative feedback), 3) Affective reaction, 4) Self-assessment, 5) Lack of trust on the tutors, and 6) General feedback.

Conclusion : Factors that influence the delivery of feedback should gain special attention from the tutors, so that students can receive the feedback given. Tutors and students agree that constructive feedback can improve students’ learning motivation."

"Latar belakang: Pembelajaran Berdasarkan Masalah atau Problem-based Learning (PBL) merupakan suatu pendekatan yang efektif dalam student-centered learning. Melalui metode PBL, mahasiswa diharapkan lebih Siap untuk belajar mandiri. Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau (FK Unri) Pekanbaru telah melaksanakan metode PBL sejak tahun 2004. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode PBL terhadap kesiapan belajar mandiri pada rnahasiswa FK Unri. Mctode: Penelitian dilakukan secara cross sectional dengan menggunakan kuesioner terhadap mahasiswa FK Unri yang belum maupun yang sudah mengikuti metode PBL. dan dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli 2007. Subjek penelitian diambil Secara acak dari kedua jenis populasi yang terdiri dari 40 orang mahasiswa yang belum mengikuti metode PBL. dan 40 orang mahasiswa yang sudah mengikuti metode PBL. Kesiapan belajar mandiri mahasiswa dinilai dengan menggunakan skala Fisher. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan regresi Cox. Hasil: Dari 80 kuesioner yang dianalisis. sebagian besar subjek adalah perempuan (62,5%), berasal dari SMA dalam kota (80,0%), mempunyai waktu belajar yang cukup (58,8%), mempunyai sumber belajar yang mcmadai (86.3%) dan linggal di tcmpat kos (60,0%). Subjek yang mempunyai kesiapan belajar mandiri sebanyak 6l,3%. Subjek yang sudah mengikuti metode PBL mempunyai kesiapan belajar mandiri 1.96 kali Iebih siap jika dibandingkan dengan subjek yang belum mengikuti metode PBL (risiko relatif suaian 1,96; 95% interval kepercayaan = L30 ~ 2,94; P = 0.00l). Kesimpulan: Kesiapan belajar mandiri pada mahasiswa Fl( Unri dapat ditingkatkan dengan menggunakan metode PBL.

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Background: Problem-based Learning (PBL) is an effective approach to promote student-centered learning. Students were thought to be more prepared in conducting self-directed learning by implementation of PBL Faculty of Medicine University of Riau has implemented PBL since 2004. The aim of this study is to identify the influence of PBL on self-directed learning readiness (SDLR) among students in Faculty of' Medicine University of Riau.

Methods: The research was a cross sectional study using self report questionnaires obtained from both PBL students and non-PBL students. conducted in July 2007. Fourty students from each group were randomly selected. The SDLR was assessed using Fisher scale. Data analysis was carried out using Cox regression.

Result: The response rate of the questionnaire was l00%. The result revealed the characteristics of participants which are female (62.5%), originated from city high school (80.0%), had adequate study time (S8.8%), had adequate learning resources (86.3%) and stayed in student dormitory (60.0%). Among 61 3% of' the participants showed readiness in conducting se|t`-directed learning. The PBL students had the readiness more likely two times higher than the non-PBL students (adjusted relative risk 1.96: 95% confidence interval = 1.30 - 194; P = 0.00l).

Conclusion: Self-directed learning readiness among students in Faculty of Medicine University of Riau can be increased by PBL."

"This book views criticism as a way to step back and look at an educational intervention within educational technology through a particular critical lens. First, a few foundational chapters set the stage for the conversations on criticism. Then, the role criticism can play in enhancing analysis and interpretation of the PBL literature is explored. Finally, case studies addressing the central concepts of the text are presented and dissected. This book represents a complete overhaul and rethinking of the use of criticism as a method for understanding and furthering the research area of PBL within the field of Educational technology."

"Developed in the context of health sciences education in the late 1960s, problem-based learning (PBL) is now widely deployed as an education methodology. Its problem-solving, collaborative, student-centred ethos is seen as a more appropriate system of pedagogy than earlier ?chalk-and-talk? modes. Focusing on its use in clinical education, this collection of recent scholarship on PBL examines the ways in which PBL is both conceived and implemented in clinical education. The work has a dual emphasis, research-driven on the one hand, while on the other assessing new methodologies to explore how problem-based curricula support the achievement of students? learning outcomes in the context of clinical education."