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"Universitas terbuka (UT) as a higher open and distance education institution has been carrying out students' assessment in the form of paper and pencil and online examinations. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of the implementation of the Online Examination System (Sistem Ujian Online=SUO), in terms of the reliability (robustness) of SUO applications, the readiness of Human Resources in implementing an online exam, the infrastructure that supporting SUO, and the student responses. The results showed that SUO application and support application had been well developed by UT, proven that SUO have been in operation in 30 out of 37 UT regional centers in 2010. Students did not face many problems in registering in the online exam. Infrastructure and human resources were considered satisfctory. Respondents also said that SUO was very flexible in terms of choosing the exam schedule and getting the immadiate feedback. Based on the research results, a SUO model is described in several bussness processes, which include the preparation, execution, processing exam result, as well as supervision and evaluation. In the future UT still needs to improves facilities, infrastructure and quality of human resources that can support the online exam. The implementation of online exam relies heavily on information technology (IT) and it is expected that SUO is adaptable with this rapidly changed technology."

"Open and Distance Learning (ODL) nowadays becomes a trend in higher education. Course delivery and course material distribution have already been in electronic form by using information and communication technology (ICT). This technology becomes cheaper and much easier to be used. Indonesia as a nation where its people spread in thousands of islands does not always have face-to-face university in each city. Meanwhile, the need of skilled worker is always increased. ODL then becomes an alternative to educate people by using different way of teaching and learning process. People who have difficulties in accessing face-to-face university can use ODL as an alternative to upgrade their education. The role of ICT in ODL become important since the students can learn by using ICT. The students cal also “meet” their colleagues virtually. Meanwhile, it was explored that ICT can be utilized for online examination. Online examination is more efficient, much faster in processing the examination result, and much cheaper in budget. This article discusses many aspects of strength and weakness which is faced by educational institutions in administering online examinations."

"Di masa transisi ke perguruan tinggi dalam masa pandemi Covid-19, mahasiswa baru harus menghadapi banyak tantangan dan kesulitan yang berpeluang membuat mahasiswa baru tidak dapat beradaptasi dengan baik dan tidak mencapai prestasi akademik yang maksimal. Khususnya, mahasiswa baru tahun 2020 mengalami keadaan yang cukup menantang karena harus menjalani pendidikan jarak jauh akibat dari pandemi Covid-19. Untuk menjalani masa transisi dengan sukses, mahasiswa baru membutuhkan resiliensi akademik. Dengan resiliensi akademik, mahasiswa baru dapat mengatasi tantangan yang ada dalam masa transisi tersebut. Terdapat beberapa faktor yang berhubungan dengan resiliensi akademik yaitu mindset dan stres. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian korelasional yang bertujuan untuk menguji hubungan antara mindset dan stres dengan resiliensi akademik mahasiswa baru dalam pendidikan jarak jauh. Penelitian ini meneliti 327 sampel mahasiswa baru (88 laki-laki dan 238 perempuan; rata-rata umur = 18,10). Alat ukur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Academic Resilience Scale 30 (Cassidy, 2016), Implicit Theories Measures (Henderson et al., 1992), dan Impact of Event Scale-Revised (Weiss & Marmar, 1997). Analisis korelasi Pearson menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara mindset dengan resiliensi akademik mahasiswa baru dalam pendidikan jarak jauh (r(325) = -0,068, p > 0,01). Di sisi lain, terdapat hubungan negatif yang signifikan antara stres dengan resiliensi akademik mahasiswa baru dalam pendidikan jarak jauh (r(325) = -0,145, p < 0,01).

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In transition period to university during Covid-19pandemic, freshmen are faced with various challenges and difficulties. Because of that, freshmen may have some difficulties to achieve academic achievement. Particularly, freshmen year 2020 have to online learning context due to Covid-19 pandemic. To overcome all the setbacks that freshmen may have, academic resilience is needed so that they may solve every and achieve good grades. Previous studies found several factors that were related with academic resilience, such as mindset and stress. The objective of this present correlational study is to determine the relationship between mindset, stress, and academic resilience among freshmen in online learning. Research data were collected by online questionnaire technique on 327 participants (88 males and 238 females; mean age = 18,10). Academic Resilience Scale 30 (Cassidy, 2016), Implicit Theories Measures (Henderson et al., 1992), and Impact of Event Scale-Revised (Weiss & Marmar, 1997) were used to measure variables. Pearson correlation analysis is conducted to test all the hypotheses. The results of present study shows that there is no significant relationship between mindset and academic resilience (r(325) = -0,068, p > 0,01). Meanwhile, there is a significant negative relationship between stress and academic resilience (r(325) = -0,145, p < 0,01"

"Saat ini dunia sedang dilanda wabah penyakit Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19). Hal itu mengakibatkan sebagian besar aktivitas dilakukan secara jarak jauh, salah satunya aktivitas pembelajaran. Keberadaan e-learning khususnya Learning Management System (LMS) diharapkan dapat menjadi solusi untuk kebutuhan akan pembelajaran jarak jauh. Salah satu fitur utama LMS adalah forum diskusi online. Hasil observasi terhadap aktivitas diskusi pada beberapa kelas di SCeLE Fasilkom Universitas Indonesia (UI), salah satu LMS yang dimiliki oleh UI, menunjukkan bahwa keterlibatan mahasiswa dalam forum diskusi online masih cukup rendah. Masalah terkait rendahnya keterlibatan mahasiswa dalam diskusi online ternyata juga masih menjadi tantangan bagi para pengajar. Perancangan dan analisis pengaruh gamifikasi yang direpresentasikan oleh elemen game berupa badge dan reaction system (like) terhadap keterlibatan mahasiswa dalam diskusi online pada dilakukan pada penelitian ini. Sebanyak 60 mahasiswa UI tergabung dalam penelitian ini. Aktivitas diskusi online dilakukan oleh seluruh partisipan pada aplikasi Dummy Scele (nongamifkasi) selama tiga hari dan gDummy Scele (gamifikasi) selama tiga hari berikutnya disertai dengan pengisian kuesioner pada saat berakhirnya masing-masing sesi diskusi tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan gamifikasi hanya berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap jumlah reply dan skor perceived relatedness dalam diskusi online.

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The world is suffering from Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19). That resulted in the majority of activities carried out remotely, one of them is learning activities. The existence of e-learning, especially Learning Management System (LMS) is expected to be a solution for the need of distance learning. One of the key features of LMS is an online discussion forum. The results of the observations of discussion activities in several classes at SCeLE Fasilkom Universitas Indonesia (UI), one of the LMS owned by UI, shows that the students engagement in online discussion forums is still quite low. Problems related to the low of student engagement in online discussions turned out to be still a challenge for educators. The design and analysis of the impact of gamification represented by game elements in the form of badges and reaction system on student engagement in online discussion was carried out in this study. Participants consisting of 60 UI students joined in this study. Online discussion activities were carried out by all participants in Dummy Scele (not gamified) for three days and gDummy Scele (gamified) for the next three days accompanied by questionnaires to be filled at the end of each discussion session. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of gamification only significantly influences the number of replies and perceived relatedness scores in online discussions. "

"Pelaksanaan pembelajaran jarak jauh (PJJ) di perguruan tinggi Indonesia menghadirkan sejumlah tantangan besar, terutama di tengah masa pandemi Covid-19. Self-efficacy dalam pembelajaran daring diketahui menjadi komponen penting bagi mahasiswa untuk menghadapinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji hubungan antara self-compassion dengan self-efficacy dalam pembelajaran daring pada mahasiswa program sarjana yang tengah menjalani perkuliahan daring secara penuh. Partisipan penelitian (N=290) merupakan mahasiswa S1 dari UI, ITB, dan UGM yang berusia 18-23 tahun. Mereka diukur menggunakan Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for Online Learning (SeQoL) dan Self-Compassion Scale (SCS). Ketiga institusi pendidikan ini dipilih atas dasar klasterisasi perguruan tinggi di Indonesia yang melihat adanya perbedaan kualitas dalam pembelajaran daring. Hasil pengujian korelasi Pearson menunjukkan bahwa self-compassion yang dimiliki mahasiswa berhubungan secara signifikan dan positif dengan self-efficacy dalam pembelajaran daring (r(290) = 0,42, p < 0,01). Hubungan positif dan signifikan terkuat ditemukan pada komponen self-kindness dengan dimensi self-efficacy dalam berinteraksi sosial dengan teman sekelas. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman baru mengenai kondisi mahasiswa dalam konteks pembelajaran daring.

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The implementation of distance learning among higher education institutions in Indonesia presents a number of challenges, especially in the midst of Covid-19. Self-efficacy in online learning context is known to be one of core component for students to deal with it. This study aimed to examine the relationship between self-compassion and online learning self-efficacy among undergraduate students who are undergoing full online lectures. Research participants (N= 290) are undergraduate students from UI, ITB, and UGM, aged between 18-23 years old. They were measured using Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for Online Learning (SeQoL) and Self-Compassion Scale (SCS). These three institutions were selected on the basis of a clusterization among universities in Indonesia, which saw differences in the quality of online learning. The Pearson correlation’s result showed that the students' self-compassion had a significant and positive relationship with online learning self-efficacy (r(290) = 0,42, p < 0,01). The strongest positive and significant relationship was found in self-kindness with dimension self-efficacy in social interaction with classmates. This study presents a new understanding of the students’ conditions in the context of online learning."

"Durasi pembelajaran dalam jaringan selama masa pandemi COVID 19 merupakan metode pembelajaran yang baru diterapkan pada siswa sekolah dasar. Durasi pembelajaran dalam jaringan merupakan hal perlu dikaji karena berpotensi mempengaruhi keluhan mata pada anak usia sekolah dasar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan durasi pembelajaran dalam jaringan degan keluhan mata pada anak usia sekolah dasar. Desain penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah cross sectional, dengan sampel yang digunakan sejumlah 111 siswa yang tersebar di Kelurahan Tugu. Perhitungan jumlah sampel menggunakan Rumus Slovin dan pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik propotional sampling. Pengambilan data digunakan dengan menggunakan instrumen keluhan mata dan dilakukan secara online. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan rerata usia siswa sekolah dasar kelas 4,5 dan 6 adalah 10,8 -11,5 (CI 95%, median 11,6), 60 % berjenis kelamin perempuan, 44,1% merupakan level kelas 4, durasi pembelajaran dengan rerata 2,40-2,80 (CI 95%, median 3) dan didapatkan keluhan mata dengan rerata 0,58-1,08 (CI 95%, median 0).  Hasil penelitian menggunakan uji Spearman didapatkan nilai p= 0,286 (>0,05) menunjukkan tidka ada hubungan yang signifikan antara durasi pembelajaran dalam jaringan dan keluhan mata. Penelitian di Kelurahan Tugu ini menunjukkan adanya keluhan mata saat pembelajaran dalam jaringan, dan hal ini bisa dijadikan bahan evaluasi untuk meningkatkan pelayanan kesehatan terutama pada anak usia sekolah dasar

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The duration of online learning during the COVID 19 pandemic is new learning method applied to elementary scholl students. The duration of online learning is something that need to be studied because it has potentia to affect eye compalints in the elementary school- aged children. The purpose of his study was determine the relationship between the duration of online learning and eye complaints in elementary school-aged children. The research design used in this study was cross sectional, with a sample of 111 students spread across Tugu Villagr. Calculation of the number of samples using the Slovin Formula and sampling using proportional sampling technique. Data collection was used an eye complaint instrument ad was carried out online. The result os this study showed that the average age of elemtary school students in grades 4,5 and 6 was 10,8-11,5 (95 % CI, median 11,6), 60% were female, 44,1% was grade 4 lever, duration study with a mean of 2,40-2,80 (95% CI, median 3) and eye complaints were obtained with mean of 0,58-1,08% ( 95% CI, median o). The result of the study using the Spearmen test obtained p value=0.286 (>0.05) indicating no significant relatipnship between the duration of learning in the network and eye complaints. This research in Tugu Village shows that tehre are aye compalints during online learning and this can be used as an evalution material to improve health service, especially for elementary school- aged children."

"Pandemi COVID-19 menyebabkan universitas mulai menerapkan Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (PJJ) untuk meneruskan aktivitas pembelajaran dari rumah, namun penerapan PJJ kerap terkendala masalah. Hal tersebut akan mempengaruhi kehidupan akademik seorang mahasiswa, terutama penilaian kemampuan diri sendiri dalam aktivitas akademis, atau academic self-efficacy (ASE). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui apakah kualitas online learning berperan dalam memprediksi ASE pada mahasiswa angkatan 2018-2020. Hipotesis penelitian ini adalah kualitas online learning memprediksi naik dan turunnya ASE pada mahasiswa. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah College Academic Self-Efficacy Scale (CASES), alat ukur kualitas online learning buatan Elango, Gudep dan Selvam. Sebanyak 119 mahasiswa angkatan 2018-2020 berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini, 49 mahasiswa laki-laki dan 70 mahasiswa perempuan. Hasil analisis regresi linear menunjukkan bahwa kualitas online learning mampu memprediksi ASE mahasiswa, dengan naiknya kualitas online learning memprediksi naiknya ASE mahasiswa.

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Abstract. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused universities to start implementing Long Distance Learning (Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh) to continue learning activities from home, but the implementation of PJJ tends to be plagued with issues. This will influence the academic life of a student, especially the self-judgement of their capabilities in academic activities, or academic self-efficacy (ASE). The purpose of this research is to find out whether online learning quality has a role in predicting the ASE of university students of the years 2018-2020. This research hypothesizes that online learning quality can predict the rise and fall of ASE in university students. The measures used are College Academic Self-Efficacy Scale (CASES), an online learning quality scale developed by Elango, Gudep and Selvam. 119 university students of the years 2018-2020 participated in this research, 49 male students and 70 female students. The results of a linear regression analysis shows that online learning quality can predict the ASE of university students, with a rise of online learning quality predicting the rise of ASE"

"Sejak COVID-19 menimpa Indonesia, pemerintah mengimbau seluruh siswa untukmelakukan pembelajaran jarak jauh (PJJ), yaitu sebuah kondisi dimana pengajardan peserta didik tidak berada di tempat yang sama. Perubahan sistem pembelajaran ini tentunya mempengaruhi berbagai kondisi peserta didik, termasuk bagaimana ia mempersepsikan pengalaman belajar yang dimiliki. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat apakah kesiapan belajar online dapat memprediksi persepsi mahasiswa terhadap belajar. Partisipan pada penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa yang melaksanakan PJJ selama masa pandemi (N=540). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kesiapan belajar online mempengaruhi persepsi terhadap belajar baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung melalui motivasi akademik. Regulasi diri dan sikap terhadap e-learning yang dimiliki mahasiswa memperkuat kaitan antaramotivasi akademik dan persepsi terhadap belajar yang dimiliki. Namun, hubungantidak langsung antara kesiapan belajar online dan persepsi terhadap belajar tidakbergantung pada regulasi diri dan sikap terhadap e-learning yang dimiliki. Hal ini menandakan bahwa siswa yang sudah siap untuk menjalani PJJ serta memiliki motivasi yang tinggi, dapat mempersepsikan pengalaman belajarnya dengan baik.

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Since COVID-19 reached Indonesia, the government notify all students to conduct

distance learning: a condition in which lecturers and students are not in the same

place. The change over this learning system certainly affects students’

psychological conditions, including how they perceive their learning experiences.

This study investigated whether online learning readiness can predict perceived

learning. Participants in this study were undergraduate students who undergo

distance learning during pandemic (N = 540). The results showed that online

learning readiness predicts perceived learning both directly and indirectly through

academic motivation. However, self-regulated learning and attitudes toward elearning

could strengthen the link between academic motivation and perceived

learning. The indirect relationship between online learning readiness and perceived

learning was not conditional on the students’ self-regulated learning and attitudes

toward e-learning. This indicates that students who are ready for online learning

and highly motivated are more likely to perceive their learning better."

"Latar Belakang: Pemberlakuan pembelajaran secara dalam jaringan (daring) dilakukan sebagai upaya penghambatan COVID-19 di institusi pendidikan. Perubahan ini, menimbulkan perbedaan persepsi dari dosen khususnya dalam bidang kedokteran gigi terkait keterampilan ilmu teknologi informasi (TI) dan persiapan, efektivitas, tantangan, serta keuntungan dari pembelajaran daring. Belum terdapat analisis tentang hubungan sosiodemografi dosen dengan persepsi pembelajaran daring di bidang kedokteran gigi Indonesia. Tujuan: Mengetahui persepsi dosen Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia (FKG UI) terhadap pembelajaran daring selama pandemi COVID-19. Metode: Penelitian analitik potong lintang menggunakan kuesioner pada dosen aktif FKG UI. Data dianalisis menggunakan perangkat lunak statistik SPSS. Hasil: Sebanyak 105 dosen (85,3%) berpartisipasi. Responden (>50%) merasa mereka mempunyai keterampilan ilmu TI yang baik, memerlukan persiapan yang lebih, terdapat tantangan dan keuntungan, namun responden meragukan efektivitas dari pembelajaran daring. Responden (84,7%) menyatakan pembelajaran daring tidak lebih baik dari pembelajaran luar jaringan. Responden (81%) memilih pembelajaran bauran setelah mengalami pembelajaran daring selama masa pandemi COVID-19 di kedokteran gigi. Persepsi dosen FKG UI tentang keterampilan ilmu TI dan persiapan, serta tantangan dalam pembelajaran daring dipengaruhi oleh sosiodemografi, kecuali efektivitas dan keuntungan. Usia, lama mengajar, dan jabatan akademik berhubungan dengan persepsi tentang keterampilan TI dan persiapan pembelajaran daring. Pengalaman pelatihan pembelajaran daring berhubungan dengan persepsi tentang tantangan pembelajaran daring. Kesimpulan: Dosen FKG UI mempunyai persepsi yang baik terhadap pembelajaran daring selama pandemi COVID-19 terkait keterampilan ilmu TI dan persiapan, keuntungan dan tantangan, kecuali efektivitasnya yang diragukan. Selanjutnya, mayoritas dosen FKG UI memilih pembelajaran bauran sebagai metode yang dipakai di bidang kedokteran gigi setelah masa pandemi COVID-19

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Background: The implementation of online learning is carried out as an effort to inhibit COVID-19 in educational institutions. This change has led to different perceptions from lecturers, especially in the field of dentistry, regarding information technology (IT) skills and preparation, effectiveness, challenges, and advantages of online learning. There has been no analysis of the sociodemographic relationship between lecturers and perceptions of online learning in Indonesian dentistry. Purpose: To find out the perceptions of lecturers at the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Indonesia (Dentistry UI) towards online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: A cross-sectional analytic study using a questionnaire on active lecturers at Dentistry UI. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software. Results: A total of 105 lecturers (85.3%) participated. Respondents (> 50%) feel they have good IT skills, require more preparation, there are challenges and advantages, but respondents doubt the effectiveness of online learning. Respondents (84.7%) stated that online learning was no better than offline learning. Respondents (81%) chose hybrid learning after experiencing online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic in dentistry. Dentistry UI lecturers' perceptions of IT skills and preparation, as well as challenges in online learning are influenced by sociodemography, except for effectiveness and benefits. Age, length of teaching and academic position are related to perceptions of IT skills and online learning preparation. The experience of online learning training is related to perceptions of the challenges of online learning. Conclusion: Dentistry UI lecturers have a good perception of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of IT skills and preparation, advantages, and challenges, except for the effectiveness which is doubtful. Furthermore, the majority of Dentistry UI lecturers chose hybrid learning as the method used in dentistry after the COVID-19 pandemic."

"Latar belakang: Pada tahun 2020 dunia dilanda pandemi COVID-19 yang berdampak pada perubahan metode pembelajaran menjadi pembelajaran daring secara mendadak di seluruh lembaga pendidikan termasuk institusi kedokteran gigi. Hal ini menjadi tantangan bagi mahasiswa kedokteran gigi untuk beradaptasi dengan pembelajaran daring baik pada pembelajaran teori maupun praktik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui persepsi dan sikap mahasiswa kedokteran gigi Universitas Indonesia mengenai pembelajaran daring selama pandemi COVID-19. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan desain cross-sectional dan dilakukan secara daring pada bulan November hingga Desember 2022. Populasi penelitian adalah mahasiswa klinik dan preklinik Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia. Kuesioner terdiri dari 55 pernyataan mengenai sosiodemografi, informasi umum, dampak psikoemosional dan akademis akibat pandemi COVID-19, dan persepsi dan sikap mengenai pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring selama pandemi COVID-19. Hasil: Didapatkan 677 responden dengan response rate 99,4%. Mayoritas responden setuju bahwa mereka mengalami kecemasan akibat pandemi COVID-19. Dampak akademis yang paling signifikan dirasakan oleh responden adalah waktu belajar yang lebih banyak, kecemasan terhadap hasil pembelajaran, kehilangan kontak sosial dengan dosen dan kolega, dan hilangnya praktikum berpengaruh pada performa akademis responden. Persepsi dan sikap responden mengenai pembelajaran daring selama pandemi COVID-19 relatif baik meskipun mengalami beberapa tantangan seperti kendala teknis dan kualitas kelas daring yang berbeda antar subjek dan antar dosen. Mayoritas responden memilih pembelajaran hybrid. Mayoritas responden setuju bahwa mata kuliah teori dapat dilaksanakan secara daring, namun mayoritas responden tidak setuju bahwa mata kuliah praktik dapat dilaksanakan secara daring. Mayoritas responden tidak setuju bahwa pembelajaran daring lebih efektif dibandingkan pembelajaran tatap muka. Kesimpulan: Mahasiswa melaporkan persepsi dan sikap yang relatif baik mengenai pembelajaran daring selama pandemi COVID-19 namun terdapat tantangan dan hambatan yang diidentifikasi. Mahasiswa memilih pembelajaran hybrid dengan mata kuliah teori dilakukan secara daring dan mata kuliah praktik dilakukan secara tatap muka sebagai metode pembelajaran yang diminati.

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Background: Institutions worldwide including dentistry have been forced to deal with changes amid the COVID-19 pandemic, which is a rapid switch to online learning format. This leads to challenges and limitations experienced by dental students to adapt in both theoretical and practical courses. The aim of this study is to assess the perceptions and attitudes of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic on dental students in Faculty of Dentistry, University of Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from November to December 2022 on a population of clinical and preclinical dental students in Faculty of Dentistry, University of Indonesia. The survey was comprised of 55 items which evaluate sociodemographic data, general information, psycho-emotional and educational impact of COVID-19 pandemic, and perceptions and attitudes of online learning during COVID-19 pandemic. Results: This study yielded a response rate of 99.4%. Majority of students reported increased anxiety during COVID-19 pandemic. The most significant educational impact due to COVID-19 pandemic including more time to study, concerns on learning outcomes, loss of social contacts with teachers and colleagues, and the loss of practical courses affecting academic performance. Students suggest relatively positive perception and attitudes of online learning, however several obstacles and challenges observed including technical issues and difference of online classes’ quality among subjects and teaching faculty. Majority of students preferred hybrid learning. Majority of students agree that theoretical courses could be carried out in online format, however majority of students disagree that practical courses could be carried out in online format. Conclusion: Students reported generally positive perceptions and attitudes of online learning, however several obstacles and challenges observed. Students preferred hybrid learning whereas theoretical courses carried out in online format and practical courses carried out in face-to-face format."