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"ABSTRAKPromosi tanpa disadari membentuk pola pemilihan makanan dimana banyak diantaranya tidak sehat. Studi ini melihat promosi makanan, penerimaan strategi promosi makanan, dan kebiasaan makan penyedia makanan rumah tangga berpendidikan tinggi di Jakarta, mengingat mereka lebih terpapar promosi makanan. Menganalisis data dari International Study of the Families and Food Survey 2014 oleh Deakin University, dilengkapi dengan wawancara mendalam 16 informan yang memiliki kemiripan demografis. Hasil menunjukkan promosi makanan bukan faktor utama mempengaruhi kebiasaan makan. Dikarenakan daya tarik promosi hanya pada hal yang diperlukan; faktor lain seperti kesehatan, pilihan keluarga, lingkungan kerja, dan delivery makanan juga menjadi perimbangan dalam memilih makanan

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ABSTRACTFood marketing shaped food preferences provides unhealthy food. This study aimed to assess food marketing exposure, approval, and food practices among highly-educated household food providers in Jakarta, as they were more exposed by integrated food marketing. This study analyzed International Study of the Families and Food Survey 2014 by Deakin University, complemented with in-depth interview among 16 demographically similar informants. This study showed that food marketing exposure was less associated with food practices, due to the lure of promotion only on necessary things; other factors such health, family preference, working environment, and advance delivery technology were among the considerations"

"The rising food price has been signaling a crisis to food insecurity among the poor since the period of 2007/2008. The poor would be in a difficult situation to allocate the budget to meet the demand for food and nonfood in daily life as the real income changes. Food insecurity measured by Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) is a most recent broadened concept of food insecurity considering the existence of anxiety to food access. This research aims to evaluate the causal inference of food price exposure to the FIES both on simple sum namely raw score and Rasch scale, a corrected measure which assuming the same latent traits among the households. The estimation used is Pooled Ordinary Least Square through the multilevel observations and Panel Regression for regional-level data. The main finding of this research is that the rising food price significantly affected the FIES, consistently on the raw score and Rasch scale, specifically to the vulnerable households defined by the bottom 40 percent in terms of their expenditure. The rising food price also increased the proportion of severely food insecure households at the regional level. As the heterogeneous effect through islands is also evaluated, it's concluded that the highest effect of the rising food price to experiencing the anxiety of food insecurity belongs households located in Bali and the lowest effect belongs to households located in Java Island. Decomposing food price into rice and nonrice is solving the puzzle where and who belongs the worse effect should be. The rising rice price is affecting worse to the households in Sumatera and Papua, but on the contrary, the households in Java, Nusa Tenggara, and Sulawesi were taking benefit amid the rising rice price. The result is also serving as a baseline in evaluating the impact of such an outbreak namely Covid-19 through the channel of compensating variations regarding food insecurity. "

"Pandemi COVID-19 secara signifikan berdampak pada ketahanan pangan di tingkat mikro: akses, ketersediaan, strategi koping, dan pembagian pangan. Hal tersebut berdampak pada ibu hamil, kelompok rentan yang memiliki peran penting sebagai penjaga ketahanan pangan di rumah. Studi ini bertujuan mengeksplor persepsi mereka terkait akses, ketersediaan, koping strategi dan pembagian pangan. Studi ini menggunakan fenomenalogi, dengan semua wawancara mendalam diubah menjadi verbatim, analisa data menggunakan N-Vivo dan Microsoft Excel. 21 ibu hamil dari rumah tangga yang tahan dan rawan pangan mengadopsi strategi koping yang dimana ibu hamil rawan pangan mengadopsi lebih banyak koping. Kedua kelompok ibu hamil mengalami berkurangnya kemampuan berbelanja. Ibu hamil dengan rawan pangan mengalami lebih banyak kondisi sulit : terbatasnya akses pangan, preferensi dan pantangan pangan dibandingkan dengan ibu hamil yang tahan pangan. Hal ini berdampak pada ketersediaan pangan: kecukupan dan jenis pangan rumah tangga. Pembagian pangan tergantung jenis keluarga dan individu pembagi makanan. Pengetahuan gizi menjadi salah satu tema, dimana slogan “4 Sehat 5 Sempurna” berdampak pada kesalahpahaman dalam pembelian pangan bagi ibu hamil yang tahan pangan, sedangkan pada ibu hamil yang rawan pangan kesalahpahaman ditambah dengan kesulitan uang. Kesimpulan kami yaitu kedua kelompok ketahanan pangan ibu hamil memiliki kemiripan dan perbedaan terkait dimensi ketahanan pangan.

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COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted micro food security: access, availability, coping strategies, and intra-household food distribution. It affects pregnant mothers, vulnerable groups who also act as gatekeepers to ensure food security in the house. This study explores their perceptions of coping strategies, household food access, availability, and intra-household distribution. The study used phenomenology, where IDIs were recorded and transcripts verbatim. Data analysis used N-Vivo and Microsoft Excel. Twenty-one pregnant mothers from food secure and insecure households adopted food and non-food focused coping strategies, whilst food insecure adopted broader coping strategies. Likewise, both pregnant mothers encountered decreasing purchasing power. Food insecure pregnant mothers faced a wider adverse condition: limited food access, food preferences, and food taboos than food secure pregnant mothers. It impacts food availability, such as sufficiency and food type. Intra-household food distribution depends on family type and the food divider. Nutrition knowledge emerged as a theme, and which  “4 Sehat 5 Sempurna” slogan led to misconceptions on purchasing among food secure pregnant mothers whilst food insecure combined the misconception with financial constraint. Our findings conclude both food secure and insecure pregnant mothers had similarities and differences in disruption of these dimensions. "

"[ABSTRAKPerubahan pada lingkungan makanan dapat mempengaruhi pola makan hinggameningkatkan resiko obesitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplor lingkunganmakanan (paparan promosi makanan dan pemilihan tempat belanja) dalamkaitannya perubahan pola makan perempuan dewasa di area kumuh perkotaan.Studi cross-sectional pada 200 perempuan usia 19-50 tahun telah dilakukan diKelurahan Kampung Melayu. Pola makan di evaluasi dengan Analisis Cluster danAnalisis Factor. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa pola makan perempuan dewasa diarea kumuh perkotaan tidak berasodiasi dengan promosi makanan (durasimenonton TV dan frekuensi melihat penawaran spesial), melainkan berasosiasidengan pemilihan tempat belanja

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ABSTRACTFood environmental approach to the obesity in urban slum area is important as thechanges to food environment influence the dietary pattern. This study aimed toexamine the association of food marketing exposure and food store choice towarddietary pattern among urban slum women. A cross-sectional study with 200women (aged 19-50 years) was conducted in Kampung Melayu village. Dietarypattern was analyzed by Cluster and Principal Component Analysis. This resultsshow that food store choice, instead of food marketing exposure (TV viewing andfrequency of seeing special offer), contributed to certain dietary pattern of urbanslum women;Food environmental approach to the obesity in urban slum area is important as thechanges to food environment influence the dietary pattern. This study aimed toexamine the association of food marketing exposure and food store choice towarddietary pattern among urban slum women. A cross-sectional study with 200women (aged 19-50 years) was conducted in Kampung Melayu village. Dietarypattern was analyzed by Cluster and Principal Component Analysis. This resultsshow that food store choice, instead of food marketing exposure (TV viewing andfrequency of seeing special offer), contributed to certain dietary pattern of urbanslum women;Food environmental approach to the obesity in urban slum area is important as thechanges to food environment influence the dietary pattern. This study aimed toexamine the association of food marketing exposure and food store choice towarddietary pattern among urban slum women. A cross-sectional study with 200women (aged 19-50 years) was conducted in Kampung Melayu village. Dietarypattern was analyzed by Cluster and Principal Component Analysis. This resultsshow that food store choice, instead of food marketing exposure (TV viewing andfrequency of seeing special offer), contributed to certain dietary pattern of urbanslum women, Food environmental approach to the obesity in urban slum area is important as thechanges to food environment influence the dietary pattern. This study aimed toexamine the association of food marketing exposure and food store choice towarddietary pattern among urban slum women. A cross-sectional study with 200women (aged 19-50 years) was conducted in Kampung Melayu village. Dietarypattern was analyzed by Cluster and Principal Component Analysis. This resultsshow that food store choice, instead of food marketing exposure (TV viewing andfrequency of seeing special offer), contributed to certain dietary pattern of urbanslum women]"

"ABSTRAKIndividual behavior was influenced by perception, where perception could determine how individual performing health behavior. This study aimed to explore the difference in perception of causes of obesity and weight control strategies among normal weight and overweight-obese Indonesian women. A mixed method study was conducted with 221 normal weight women and 156 overweight-obese women joined the survey, and 16 women were in-depth interviewed. This study found normal weight women tended to mention individual factors as causes of obesity, while overweight-obese women mentioned more categories of environmental factors. Overweight-obese women statistically agreed eating less and treatment as effective weight control strategies

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ABSTRACTPersepsi dapat mempengaruhi bagaimana perilaku kesehatan seseorang. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplor perbedaan persepsi mengenai penyebab obesitas dan strategi kontrol berat badan pada wanita dengan berat badan normal dan berat badan lebih?obes di Indonesia. Sebanyak 221 wanita berat badan normal dan 156 wanita berat badan lebih-obes mengikuti survei, serta 16 wanita mengikuti wawancara mendalam. Studi ini menemukan wanita dengan berat badan normal lebih menyadari faktor individu sebagai penyebab obesitas, sedangkan wanita dengan berat badan lebih?obes lebih menyadari faktor lingkungan. Wanita dengan berat badan lebih?obes setuju bahwa makan lebih sedikit dan pengobatan sebagai strategi untuk mengontrol berat badan;"

"Ketahanan pangan rumah tangga berhubungan dengan berbagai macam gangguan kesehatan seperti malnutrisi, stunting, overweight, obesitas, dan gangguan kesehatan mental. Indonesia adalah satu-satunya negara di dunia dengan prevalensi tinggi terhadap tiga jenis malnutrisi, wasting, stunting, and overweight. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari apakah terdapat perbedaan ketahanan pangan pada rumah tangga yang dikepalai laki-laki dan perempuan di Indonesia sepanjang kurun waktu 1993-2018. Data yang digunakan dalam studi ini adalah data pooled-crossection yang berasal dari Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (Susenas) dan Sensus Potensi Desa (Podes). Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi logistik multinomial. Rumah tangga yang dikepalai perempuan cenderung tidak lebih rawan pangan dibandingkan dengan rumah tangga yang dikepalai laki-laki. Faktor sosial ekonomi, keragaman konsumsi, bencana alam, akses infrastruktur, kewilayahan, dan tekanan ekonomi, secara statistik signifikan memengaruhi ketahanan pangan rumah tangga.

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Household food security correlates to a variety of health problems such as malnutrition, stunting, overweight, obesity, and mental health. Indonesia is the only country in the world with a high prevalence of three types of malnutrition wasting, stunting, and overweightThis study aims to analyze the food security of male and female-headed households in Indonesia during 1993-2018. This study uses a nationally representative survey in Indonesia, also known as Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (SUSENAS) and Village Census (Potensi Desa). The analytical method uses multinomial logistic regression analysis. This study finds that female headed-household found to be more food secure than male at counterpart. Many socio-demographic variables, socio-economic, road infrastructure and economic shock have a significant association with food security status."

"Migrasi telah menjadi salah satu strategi untuk meningkatkan taraf hidup, terutama di negara berkembang. Meskipun banyak penelitian telah menganalisis dampak migrasi pada berbagai aspek sosial ekonomi, hubungan migrasi dan ketahanan pangan masih menjadi penyelidikan empiris terbuka. Penelitian ini menyelidiki hubungan antara pekerja migran internal dan kerawanan pangan rumah tangga di Indonesia. Kami menggunakan pendekatan variabel instrumental (IV) untuk mengatasi endogenitas status migran menggunakan data survei rumah tangga yang representatif di level nasional pada tahun 2019, 2020, dan 2021 dengan instrumen jaringan migrasi. Temuan kami menunjukkan bahwa pekerja migran internal memiliki efek positif yang signifikan secara statistik terhadap ketahanan pangan rumah tangga di Indonesia, dan dampak tersebut paling besar di Sumatra dan Kalimantan. Selain itu, kami menguraikan mekanisme bagaimana dampak pekerja migran internal terhadap ketahanan pangan rumah tangga beroperasi, dan kami menemukan bahwa pengetahuan tentang gizi dan kesehatan memiliki pengaruh terbesar, sedangkan pendapatan tidak signifikan untuk memediasi pengaruh tersebut. Namun, realokasi pengeluaran untuk pangan secara signifikan memediasi dampak migrasi terhadap ketahanan pangan rumah tangga, yang menunjukkan bahwa pendapatan migran hanya akan meningkatkan ketahanan pangan rumah tangga jika dialokasikan untuk pangan. Selain itu, belum tentu suatu rumah tangga akan mengkonsumsi makanan yang beragam jika tidak dimediasi oleh pengetahuan tentang gizi. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa promosi atau program pendidikan gizi sangat penting untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat tentang pentingnya pola makan yang sehat, sehingga mengurangi kerawanan pangan.

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Migration has become one of the strategies to improve life, especially in developing countries. Despite many studies analyzing migration's impact on various socioeconomic aspects, the migration and food security nexus remains an open empirical investigation. This research investigates the relationship between internal migrant workers and household food insecurity in Indonesia. We employ the instrumental variable (IV) approach to address the endogeneity of migrant status using representative household survey data at the national level in 2019, 2020, and 2021 utilizing the migration network instrument. Our findings show that internal migrant workers have a statistically significant positive effect on household food security in Indonesia, and the impact is greatest in Sumatra and Kalimantan. In addition, we describe the mechanism by which the impact of internal migrant workers on household food security operates, and we find that knowledge about nutrition and health has the greatest influence. In contrast, income is not significant in mediating the effect. However, spending reallocation for food significantly mediates the impact of migration on household food security, indicating that migrant income will only increase household food security if it is allocated for food. Moreover, it is not certain that a household will consume a variety of foods if it is not mediated by knowledge about nutrition. These findings suggest that promoting campaigns or conducting nutrition education programs is essential to enhance public awareness about the importance of a healthy diet, thus alleviating food insecurity."

"Penelitian kualitatif ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemasaran makanan dan minuman terhadap pilihan makanan siswa remaja di Jakarta. Empat SMP dan empat SMA di Jakarta dipilih secara sengaja. Data dikumpulkan melalui delapan focus group discussions dengan siswa remaja kelas 7-12. Wawancara mendalam dilakukan dengan informan utama termasuk orang tua, guru, serta penjual makanan di kantin sekolah. Analisis data dilakukan melalui coding dan menentukan tema yang muncul dari transkrip verbatim. Lima tema ditemukan dari analisis data. Pertama, paparan pemasaran makanan dan minuman mempengaruhi pilihan makanan dengan menciptakan kesadaran. Berikutnya, remaja terpengaruh oleh pemasaran makanan dan minuman lewat peningkatan minat terhadap pilihan makanan. Ketiga, remaja membuat keputusan pada pilihan makanan sebagai hasil dari interaksi beberapa faktor. Selanjutnya, tema keempat menunjukan faktor yang penting untuk mengulang konsumsi atau pembelian. Terakhir, ada pengaruh online delivery application terhadap pemilihan makanan remaja. Penemuan studi ini mendorong sektor kesehatan atau pendidikan untuk membuat pendidikan nutrisi yang interaktif pada platform digital. Studi ini juga menyarankan dibuatnya regulasi untuk pemasaran makanan dan minuman yang menargetkan khusus pada remaja. Terutama makanan dan minuman yang mengandung lemak trans, serta tinggi lemak jenuh, gula, atau garam.

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This qualitative study aimed to explore the influence of food and beverage marketing towards food choice among adolescent students in Jakarta. Four junior and senior high schools in Jakarta were purposively selected. Data was collected through eight focus group discussions with adolescent students grade 7 12. In depth interview was done with key informants including parents, teachers, and food sellers in the school canteen. Data analysis was done through coding and determining themes that emerged from the verbatim transcripts. Five themes were found from data analysis. First, the exposure of food and beverage marketing influenced food choice by creating awareness. Next, adolescents were influenced by food and beverage marketing through enhanced interests towards food choice. Third, adolescents made actions on food choice as a result of the interplay of several factors. Next, the fourth theme pointed out factors that were important to repeat consumption or purchases. Finally, there was an influence of online delivery application towards food choice among adolescents. Findings of this study encouraged health or education sector to create an interactive nutrition education on digital platforms. This study also recommended the regulation of food and beverage marketing specifically aimed at adolescents. Especially on food and beverage that contained trans fat, as well as high in saturated fat, sugar, or salt. "

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variabel-variabel sosio-demografi, sosio-ekonomi dan wilayah tempat tinggal terhadap pengeluaran rumah tangga untuk makanan, pendidikan, dan kesehatan. Hasil regresi OLS dan Tobit dengan menggunakan data Susenas 2011 menunjukkan bahwa tahapan siklus hidup rumah tangga, jumlah anggota rumah tangga dan daerah tempat tinggal berpengaruh signifikan secara konsisten terhadap proporsi pengeluaran makanan, total pengeluaran pendidikan, dan total pengeluaran kesehatan. Ditemukan pula bahwa yang memiliki proporsi pengeluaran makanan terbesar sementara total pengeluaran pendidikan dan kesehatan terendah bukanlah rumah tangga yang kepala rumah tangganya tidak bekerja, tetapi rumah tangga yang kepala rumah tangganya pekerja bebas dan pekerja keluarga.

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The objective of this study is to analyze the effect of socio-demographic and socio-economic variables on household expenditures on food, education, and health. The results of OLS and Tobit regressions using the 2011 Susenas data show that household life cycle stages, household size and areas have consistent effect on proportion of food expenditure, education expenditure and health expenditure. It is also found that households with the highest proportion of food expenditure and with the smallest total expenditures on education and health are not the ones with non-working heads of household but those with heads who are working as free labours or family workers."

"Latar belakang : Hiperkolesterolemia antara lain menjadi faktor risiko penyakit jantung koroner dan komplikasinya dapat menyebabkan inkapasitasi pada pilot. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi hubungan kebiasaan makan lemak dan faktor lainnya terhadap risiko hiperkolesterolemia pada pilot sipil di Indonesia. Metode : Penelitian menggunakan metode potong lintang dengan sampel purposif pada pilot sipil di Balai Kesehatan Penerbangan Jakarta tanggal 18-29 Mei 2015. Karakteristik demografi, pekerjaan, kebiasaan diperoleh melalui wawancara. Data kolesterol total diperoleh dari laboratorium yang telah dikalibrasi. Kategori kolesterol total dibagi dua yaitu hiperkolesterolemia ( ≥ 240 mg/dl) dan normal (< 200 mg/dl). Analisis menggunakan risiko relatif yaitu regresi Cox dengan waktu konstan. Hasil : Di antara 690 pilot yang melakukan pemeriksaan medis, 428 subjek bersedia mengikuti penelitian. Subjek yang diikutsertakan dalam analisis sebanyak 327 pilot, 12,3% memiliki hiperkolesterolemia dan 87,7% memiliki kadar kolesterol normal. Subjek dengan kebiasaan makan lemak hampir setiap hari dibandingkan hampir tidak pernah berisiko 3,8 kali lipat lebih besar hiperkolesterolemia [risiko relatif suaian (RRa)=3,78; p=0,223]. Subjek dengan usia 50-65 tahun dibandingkan dengan 19-34 tahun berisiko 1,8 kali lipat lebih besar hiperkolesterolemia (RRa=1,82; p=0,103). Selanjutnya subjek dengan riwayat hiperkolesterolemia dibandingkan tanpa riwayat hiperkolesterolemia berisiko 2,1 kali lipat lebih besar hiperkolesterolemia (RRa=2,13; p=0,118). Simpulan : Kebiasaan makan lemak hampir tiap hari, usia 50 tahun atau lebih, riwayat keluarga hiperkolesterolemia dalam keluarga meninggikan risiko hiperkolesterolemia di antara pilot sipil di Indonesia.

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Background : Hypercholesterolemia becoming one of a risk factor for coronary heart disease and complications may cause the pilots incapacitation. The purpose of this study was to identify eating fatty food habits and other factors and the risk of hypercholesterolemia in civilian pilots in Indonesia.

Methods : A cross sectional study with purposive sampling was conducted in civilian pilots at Indonesian Aviation Medical Center in Jakarta from 18-29 May, 2015. Demogrhapic characteristics, employment, habits was obtained through interviews. Total cholesterol data obtained from laboratory test had been calibrated. Category of cholesterol total was divided into hypercholesterolemia (≥ 240 mg/dl) and normal (<200 mg/dl). Analysis using risk relative by Cox regression with a constant time.

Result : Among the 690 pilots who conducted medical examination, 428 subjects agree to join the study. This analysis included 327 pilots, 12.3% had hypercholesterolemia, and 87.7% normal cholesterol levels. The subjects who had eating fatty food habits almost every day compared to almost never, had 3.8 fold higher risk to be hypercholesterolemia [adjusted relative risk (RRa)=3.78; p=0.223]. The subject aged of 50-65 years compared to 19-34 years, had 1.8 fold higher risk to be hypercholesterolemia (RRa=1.82; p=0.103). Furthermore, subjects with a family history of hypercholesterolemia compared with no family history, had 2.1 fold higher risk to be hypercholesterolemia (RRa=2.13; p=0.118).

Conclusions : Having eating fatty food habits almost every day, age 50 and over, history of hypercholesterolemia elevate the risk of hypercholesterolemia."