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"ABSTRAKPersentase partisipasi ibu di Posyandu menurun dalam satu dekade terakhir, termasuk di wilayah Grogol Selatan, Jakarta. Kurangnya partisipasi ibu di Posyandu adalah salah satu penyebab dari sejumlah permasalahan kesehatan dan gizi balita Intervensi ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan jumlah kehadiran balita ke Posyandu dengan menggunakan teknik persuasi dan komitmen publik.Berdasarkan studi baseline, didapatkan bahwa faktor yang paling memengaruhi perilaku ibu untuk membawa balitanya ke Posyandu adalah barrier perception. Selain itu, dari data pendukung didapat hasil bahwa persepsi kerentanan para ibu akan dampak Posyandu terhadap kesehatan balita mereka juga masih rendah. Berdasarkan data tersebut, peneliti melakukan intervensi untuk meningkatkan perilaku membawa balita ke Posyandu dengan fokus mengurangi barrier perception dan juga meningkatkan persepsi kerentanan para ibu. Desain intervensi ini adalah field experiment 3x1 ldquo;teknik persuasi rdquo;vs rdquo;teknik persuasi komitmen publik rdquo;vs rdquo;kelompok kontrol rdquo; non randomized between participant pre-post test design. Kelompok eksperimen yang diberikan komitmen publik setelah teknik persuasi diharapkan akan lebih banyak hadir di Posyandu dibandingkan kelompok lainnya. Berdasarkan penghitungan data post-test, didapatkan hasil bahwa tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan jumlah ibu yang hadir antara kelompok eksperimen 1 dan kelompok eksperimen 2.

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ABSTRACTThe participation percentages of mothers to Posyandu has decreased in the last decade, including in Grogol Selatan district, Jakarta. Mother rsquo s lack of participation in Posyandu activities as one of the causes of poor health dan nutritional status of a significant number of children under five. This intervention is aimed at increasing the number of mother rsquo s participation in Posyandu by using persuasion techniques and public commitment. Based on the baseline study, it was found that the factor that most influencing mother 39 s behavior on taking their children to Posyandu is barrier perception. In addition, from the supporting data obtained results that the perceptions of the susceptibility of mothers about the impact of posyandu on their children rsquo s health are still low. Based on these data, researchers intervened to improve the mother rsquo s behavior on taking their children to Posyandu with a focus on reducing barrier perception and also improving the perceptions of mother 39 s susceptibility. The design of this intervention is field experiment 3x1 persuasion technique vs. persuasion technique public commitment vs control group non randomized between participant pre post test design. The experiment group which had public commitment after being given persuasion is expected to will be more present to the Posyandu than other groups. Based on the post test, the finding shows that there is no significant difference in the number of mothers attended between group experiment 1 and group experiment 2. "

"[Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur efektivitas program pelatihan autonomysupportive behaviors pada guru PAUD dalam meningkatkan perilaku mendukung otonomi anak prasekolah melalui kegiatan pelatihan. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian terapandengan desain penelitian pretest-posttest design. Alat ukur yang digunakan dalampenelitian berdasarkan sebelas perilaku instruksional mendukung otonomi yangdikembangkan oleh Reeve & Jang (2006). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa programcukup efektif untuk meningkatkan perilaku guru PAUD dalam mendukung otonomi anakprasekolah dan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan terutama pada perilaku ?memberikanpujian sebagai umpan balik atas suatu pencapaian suatu aktivitas? dan ?memberi doronganuntuk meningkatkan dan mempertahankan keterlibatan siswa;The purpose of this study is measuring the effectiveness of autonomy-supportive behaviorstraining program for early childhood teacher to increase the behavior of supportingautonomy of preschool children. The type of research is applied research with pretestpostteststudy design. Measuring instrument used in research is based on eleveninstructional behavior of autonomy support which developed by Reeve & Jang (2006). Theresult show that the program is effective to increase the behavior of early childhood teacherin supporting preschool children?s autonomy and there are significance differences in thebehavior of ?praise as informational feedback about the student?s improvement or mastery?and the behavior of ?offering encouragements to boost or sustain the student?s engagement;The purpose of this study is measuring the effectiveness of autonomy-supportive behaviorstraining program for early childhood teacher to increase the behavior of supportingautonomy of preschool children. The type of research is applied research with pretestpostteststudy design. Measuring instrument used in research is based on eleveninstructional behavior of autonomy support which developed by Reeve & Jang (2006). Theresult show that the program is effective to increase the behavior of early childhood teacherin supporting preschool children?s autonomy and there are significance differences in thebehavior of ?praise as informational feedback about the student?s improvement or mastery?and the behavior of ?offering encouragements to boost or sustain the student?s engagement;The purpose of this study is measuring the effectiveness of autonomy-supportive behaviorstraining program for early childhood teacher to increase the behavior of supportingautonomy of preschool children. The type of research is applied research with pretestpostteststudy design. Measuring instrument used in research is based on eleveninstructional behavior of autonomy support which developed by Reeve & Jang (2006). Theresult show that the program is effective to increase the behavior of early childhood teacherin supporting preschool children?s autonomy and there are significance differences in thebehavior of ?praise as informational feedback about the student?s improvement or mastery?and the behavior of ?offering encouragements to boost or sustain the student?s engagement;The purpose of this study is measuring the effectiveness of autonomy-supportive behaviorstraining program for early childhood teacher to increase the behavior of supportingautonomy of preschool children. The type of research is applied research with pretestpostteststudy design. Measuring instrument used in research is based on eleveninstructional behavior of autonomy support which developed by Reeve & Jang (2006). Theresult show that the program is effective to increase the behavior of early childhood teacherin supporting preschool children?s autonomy and there are significance differences in thebehavior of ?praise as informational feedback about the student?s improvement or mastery?and the behavior of ?offering encouragements to boost or sustain the student?s engagement;The purpose of this study is measuring the effectiveness of autonomy-supportive behaviorstraining program for early childhood teacher to increase the behavior of supportingautonomy of preschool children. The type of research is applied research with pretestpostteststudy design. Measuring instrument used in research is based on eleveninstructional behavior of autonomy support which developed by Reeve & Jang (2006). Theresult show that the program is effective to increase the behavior of early childhood teacherin supporting preschool children?s autonomy and there are significance differences in thebehavior of ?praise as informational feedback about the student?s improvement or mastery?and the behavior of ?offering encouragements to boost or sustain the student?s engagement, The purpose of this study is measuring the effectiveness of autonomy-supportive behaviorstraining program for early childhood teacher to increase the behavior of supportingautonomy of preschool children. The type of research is applied research with pretestpostteststudy design. Measuring instrument used in research is based on eleveninstructional behavior of autonomy support which developed by Reeve & Jang (2006). Theresult show that the program is effective to increase the behavior of early childhood teacherin supporting preschool children’s autonomy and there are significance differences in thebehavior of ‘praise as informational feedback about the student’s improvement or mastery’and the behavior of ‘offering encouragements to boost or sustain the student’s engagement]"

"ABSTRAKPeningkatan jumlah dan partisipasi aktif ibu dalam dunia kerja mengakibatkan penambahan peran dalam pekerjaan dan keluarga yang dapat memicu konflik peran danmengakibatkan stres. Mayoritas dari wanita yang bekerja sebagai perawat di Rumah Sakit adalah ibu bekerja. Agar tidak mengalami stres baik dalam pekerjaan dan keluarga perlu adanya usaha untuk dapat mengendalikan atau mengurangi stres yang dikenal dengan coping stress, karena kondisi tersebut dapat mempengaruhi interaksi dan peran di dalam anggota keluarga (family functioning). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara coping stress dan family functioning pada ibu bekerja sebagai perawat di Rumah Sakit. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Pengukuran Coping Stress dilakukan dengan alat ukur yaitu Ways of Coping (WAYS) edisi revisi (Folkman & Lazarus, 1985) dan pengukuran Family Functioning yaitu alat ukur McMaster Family Assessment (FAD) (Epstein, Ryan, Bishop, Miller & Keitner,2003). Desain penelitian ini adalah studi lapangan dengan menggunakan teknik non probability sampling sebagai metode pengambilan sampel. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan pada 60 partisipan menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang positif antara coping stress dan family functioning pada ibu bekerja sebagai perawat di Rumah Sakit (r = .131; p = 0.05).

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ABSTRACTThe increasing number and active participation of mother in work life resulted additional roles either in work and family which can lead to stress and role conflict. Most of working woman as a nurse in hospital are working mothers. In order not to run into stress both at work and family needed effort to control or reduce stress known as coping stress, because these condition can affect the interaction and roles of family members (family functioning). This research is aimed to examine the relationship between coping stress and family functioning in working mother as a nurse in hospital. Quantitative method is applied in this research. Measured coping stress using Ways of Coping (WAYS) Revised (Folkman & Lazarus, 1985) and to measure family functioning using Family Assessment Device (FAD) (Epstein, Ryan, Bishop, Miller & Keitner, 2003). The research design is field study, with non probability sampling technique. Result from 60 participants shows that there is a positive relationship between coping stress and family functioning in working mother as a nurse in hospital (r = .131; p = 0.05)."

"Peningkatan konsentrasi magnesium dalam tubuh secara bermakna dapat meningkatkan kesehatan otak. Memelihara kadar magnesium dalam cairan serebrospinal (CSS) sangat penting untuk meningkatkan densitas neuron pada areal hipokampus. Kompleksitas dan adaptabilitas komunikasi neural sangat penting bagi fungsi otak.magnesium memiliki peran penting dalam perkembangan plastisitas sinaps melalui tiga mekanisme utama yaitu sebagai kofaktor enzim-enzim neural, meningkatkan pelepasan glutamat di membran pre-sinaps, dan meningkatkan konsentrasi magnesium intraseluler. Suplementasi magnesium dalam diet sehari-hari sangat diperlukan. Permasalahan yang belum tuntas adalah belum ditemukan jenis magnesium yang memiliki kemampuan melewati barier darah otak. "

"Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara loneliness dan parenting self-efficacy pada ibu tunggal yang memiliki anak usia kanak madya. Pengukuran loneliness dilakukan dengan menggunakan Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults (SELSA) yang dikonstruksikan oleh DiTommaso dan Spinner (1993), sedangkan parenting self-efficacy diukur dengan menggunakan Self-Efficacy for Parenting Task Index (SEPTI) yang dikonstruksikan oleh Coleman dan Karraker (2000). Partisipan dari penelitian ini adalah 37 ibu tunggal akibat bercerai yang memiliki anak usia kanak madya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan negatif yang signifikan antara loneliness dengan parenting self-efficacy (r = - .343; n = 37; p < 0,05, one-tail). Artinya, semakin tinggi loneliness ibu tunggal, semakin rendah parenting self-efficacy-nya; begitu pula sebaliknya. Terdapat dua dari tiga dimensi loneliness yang ditemukan memiliki korelasi negatif yang signifikan dengan parenting self-efficacy. Kedua dimensi tersebut adalah keluarga dan sosial. Korelasi antara keluarga dan parenting self-efficacy ditemukan lebih kuat dibandingkan dengan korelasi antara sosial dan parenting self-efficacy. Di samping itu, loneliness ditemukan tidak memiliki korelasi yang signifikan dengan setiap domain parenting self-efficacy, tetapi dimensi romantis memiliki korelasi negatif yang signifikan dengan domain kesehatan. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, hubungan dengan anggota keluarga yang baik perlu dimiliki oleh ibu tunggal yang memiliki anak usia kanak madya agar respon ibu tunggal terhadap kondisinya menjadi lebih positif, dan sejalan dengan hal tersebut diharapkan parenting self-efficacy ibu tunggal meningkat.

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This study examined the relationship between loneliness and parenting self-efficacy among single mothers of middle childhood children. Loneliness was measured by Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale or SELSA (DiTommaso & Spinner, 1993), whereas parenting self-efficacy was measured by Self-Efficacy for Parenting Task Index or SEPTI (Coleman & Karraker, 2000). The respondents of this study were 37 Indonesia single mothers of middle childhood.

This study obtain a significant, negative relationship between loneliness and parenting selfefficacy (r = -.343; n = 37; p < .05, one-tailed). It indicates that the higher single mothers’ loneliness, the lower their parenting self-efficacy, and vice versa. Next, there are two out three dimension of loneliness that have significant, negative relationship to parenting self-efficacy, they are family and social, where family has higher correlation than social.

On the other hand, there is no significant relationship between loneliness and parenting self-efficacy’s domains, yet there is a significant, negative relationship between romantic dimension and health domain. Based on these results, single mothers need to increase their family relationship's quality in order to help them accepting their status and condition as single mothers, while increasing their parenting self-efficacy as well."

"Penelitian ini membahas tentang hubungan antara psychological well-being dan harapan pada ibu dari anak dengan gangguan autisme. Responden penelitian ini merupakan 44 ibu dari anak dengan gangguan autisme. Dengan melakukan pengukuran menggunakan Ryff’s Scales of Psychological Well-Being dan The Adult Trait Hope Scale, didapatkan hasil bahwa terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara psychological well-being dan harapan pada ibu dari anak dengan gangguan autisme (r = .633; n = 44; p < 0,01, one-tailed).Artinya, semakin tinggi psychological well-being ibu, maka semakin tinggi pula harapan ibu terhadap masa depan anaknya yang mengalami gangguan autisme. Terdapat empat dari enam dimensi psychological well-being yang berkorelasi positif dan signifikan dengan harapan, yaitu self-acceptance, positive relation with others, autonomy, dan environmental mastery. Sedangkan kedua komponen harapan, agency dan pathways,berkorelasi positif dan signifikan dengan psychological well-being. Agar mendapat penjelasan yang lebih komprehensif mengenai psychological wellbeing dan harapan pada ibu dari anak dengan gangguan autisme, perlu dilakukan penelitian lanjutan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif.

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The focus of the study is to examine the relationship between psychological well-being and hope among mothers of children with autism. The respondents of this study were 44 Indonesian mothers of children with autism. Measured by Ryff‘s Scales of Psychological Well-Being and The Adult Trait Hope Scale, this study obtain a significant, positive relationship between psychological well-being and hope(r = .633; n = 44; p < 0,01, one-tailed). It indicates that the higher mothers‘ psychological well-being, the higher their hope to their child‘s future, and vice versa. Next, there are four out of six dimension of psychological wellbeing that have significant, positive relationship to hope, they are selfacceptance, positive relation with others, autonomy, and environmental mastery. On the other hand, both components of hope, agency and pathways, also have significant, positive relationship to psychological well-being. In order to obtain a more comprehensive explanation of the psychological well-being and hope in mothers of children with autism, further research needs to be done using a qualitative approach."

"Meningkatnya jumlah ibu penderita HIV/AIDS di Indonesia membuat perlunya untuk mengetahui dinamika kehidupan mereka, terutama keyakinannya dalam melakukan parenting terhadap anak. Keyakinan dalam melakukan parenting ini disebut sebagai parenting self-efficacy (Coleman & Karraker, 1997). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan parenting self-efficacy dan dukungan sosial pada ibu dengan HIV/AIDS yang memiliki anak usia kanak-kanak madya. Pengukuran parenting self-efficacy dilakukan melalui alat ukur Self-Efficacy Parenting for Tasks Index (SEPTI) (Coleman & Karraker, 2000), sedangkan dukungan sosial diukur melalui dua komponen—yaitu persepsi terhadap jumlah orang yang dapat diandalkan dan kepuasan akan dukungan yang ada—dalam alat ukur Social Support Questionnaire-Short Form (SSQSR) (Sarason, Sarason, Shearin & Pierce, 1987). Partisipan penelitian ini berjumlah 30 ibu yang terinfeksi HIV dan memiliki anak usia lima hingga dua belas tahun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara parenting self-efficacy dengan persepsi jumlah dukungan sosial (r = 0,386 ; n = 30; p < 0,05, two-tail) dan juga kepuasan akan dukungan sosial (r = 0,409 ; n = 30; p < 0,05, two-tail). Artinya, semakin tinggi parenting self-efficacy ibu, semakin tinggi pula dukungan sosial yang ibu persepsikan; begitu pula sebaliknya. Ditemukan pula bahwa domain parenting self-efficacy tertinggi adalah nurturance sedangkan yang terendah adalah disiplin. Analisis tambahan juga menemukan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan pada parenting self-efficacy ibu dengan HIV/AIDS berdasarkan urutan kelahiran anak mereka yang berusia kanak-kanak madya.

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Mothers living with HIV/AIDS are significantly increasing in Indonesia. By then, it's important to know further about their life, including their belief in parenting their children. The mother’s belief in parenting is called parenting self-efficacy (Coleman & Karraker, 1997). This study examined the relationship between parenting self-efficacy and social support among HIV/AIDS mothers with middle childhood children.

Parenting self-efficacy was measured by Self-Efficacy Parenting for Tasks Index (SEPTI) (Coleman & Karraker, 2000), while social support measured through it's two elements (the perception of available others to whom one can turn in times of need and the degree of satisfaction with the available support) in Social Support Questionnaire-Short Form (SSQSR) (Sarason, Sarason, Shearin & Pierce, 1987). The participants in this study were 30 mothers infected HIV with middle childhood children.

The result shows that there is a significant, positive relationship between parenting self-efficacy and both of the elements of social support, which are the perception of social support numbers (r = 0,386 ; n = 30; p < 0,05, two-tail) and the satisfaction of the support (r = 0,409 ; n = 30; p < 0,05, two-tail). Those indicates that the higher mothers parenting self efficacy, the higher they perceive social support, and vice versa. This study also found that the highest domain in parenting self-efficacy is nurturance, while the lowest is discipline. Furthermore, this study found that there is a difference between mothers parenting self-efficacy based on their middle childhood child's ordinal position."

"Latar Belakang : Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku keterlibatan ayah adalah tingkat pendidikan. Ayah yang berpendidikan tinggi menghabiskan waktu lebih banyak dalam pengasuhan dibandingkan dengan ayah yang kurang berpendidikan (Sayer et. al., 2004). Metode : Peneliti akan melihat bagaimana perbedaan pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku keterlibatan ayah dalam pengasuhan bayi usia 0-12 bulan antara ayah berpendidikan dasar, menengah, dan tinggi dengan melibatkan 95 data ayah. Analisis Statistik : Dari teknik analysis of variance (ANOVA) akan diperoleh perbedaan pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku keterlibatan ayah dalam pengasuhan bayi usia 0-12 bulan antara kelompok ayah. Hasil : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perebedaan yang signifikan pada pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku keterlibatan ayah dalam pengasuhan bayi usia 0-12 bulan antara ayah berpendidikan dasar, menengah, dan tinggi. Kesimpulan : Tingkat pendidikan ayah tidak menyebabkan adanya perbedaan pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku keterlibatan ayah dalam pengasuhan bayi usia 0-12 bulan. Peneliti menduga adanya perbedaan hasil penelitian ini dengan penelitian yang dilakukan sebelumnya disebabkan karena adanya faktor-faktor lain yang mempengaruhi keterlibatan ayah, seperti faktor budaya, jumlah anak, status pekerjaan istri, dan adanya bantuan dari pihak lain dalam pengasuhan.

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Background : One of the factors which influence the involvement behaviour of the father is the level of his education. Higher educated fathers spend more time in childcare than less educated fathers (Sayer et. al. 2004).

Methode : This research was conducted to find the difference of knowledge, attitude, and paternal involvement behaviour in child rearing of 0-12 monthsaged baby, among the fathers who have elementary, intermediate, and advance education, involving 95 father's data.

Statistical Analysis : By applying analisys of variance technique (ANOVA) the difference of knowledge, attitude, and paternal involvement behaviour in childrearing of 0-12 months-aged baby among the group of fathers can be identified.

Result: The result shows that there is no significant difference of knowledge, attitude, and paternal involvement behaviour in child rearing of the 0-12 monthsaged baby among the fathers who have elementary, intermediate, and advance education.

Conclusion : The education level of the father does not cause any knowledge, attitude, or paternal involvement behaviour differences in child rearing of the 0-12 months-aged baby. The researcher infer that the difference between the result of this research and the result of the previous result is caused by the other factors which influence the involvement of the father, such as culture, number of children, wife's employment status, and the assistance of others in child care."