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"Tidak ada kesimpulan pasti mengenai dampak pengaturan kerja fleksibel (Flexible Work Arrangements/FWA) terhadap kinerja pegawai, meskipun penelitian telah dilakukan secara ekstensif. Hal ini umumnya disebabkan oleh pandangan terhadap fenomena FWA dari satu perspektif saja (perspektif pegawai atau organisasi). Berdasarkan teori social exchange theory, psychological contract theory, self determinant theory, self cognitive theory, social support theory dan Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model, penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh dua bentuk FWA (flexibility as a contribution dan flexibility as an inducement) terhadap kinerja pegawai dalam kacamata pluralist frame of reference. Penelitian meneliti peran mediasi employee well-being serta moderasi dari e-work self-efficacy, work autonomy, dan social support terhadap kinerja pegawai pada kedua bentuk FWA.Survei daring dilakukan untuk mengumpulkan data berdasarkan desain cross-sectional, dengan total 546 responden yang dikumpulkan dari pegawai di industri berbasis teknologi. Hasil analisis Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) menunjukkan bahwa bahwa flexibility as a contribution secara signifikan menunjukkan dampak negatif terhadap seluruh dimensi kinerja pegawai (task, contextual, dan adaptive), sedangkan flexibility as an inducement secara signifikan menunjukkan dampak positif terhadap ketiganya, dengan efek mediasi parsial dari aspek psychological, social, dan physical well-being terutama pada jalur pengaruh flexibility as an inducement. Selain itu, e-work self-efficacy, work autonomy, dan social support terbukti memoderasi hubungan-hubungan tersebut, meskipun tidak secara merata pada semua dimensi kinerja pegawai dan employee well-being. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa flexibility as an inducement cenderung meningkatkan kinerja pegawai dan employee well-being, sedangkan flexibility as a contribution justru dapat menjadi sumber tekanan yang merugikan bagi pegawai, kecuali diredam oleh faktor-faktor struktural, psikologis, dan sosial tertentu.

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There is no definitive conclusion has been reached regarding the impact of Flexible Work Arrangements (FWA) on employee performance, despite extensive research. This is primarily attributed to the tendency to examine the FWA phenomenon from a singular perspective, either that of the employee or the organization. Grounded in Social Exchange Theory, Psychological Contract Theory, Self-Determination Theory, Self-Cognitive Theory, Social Support Theory, and the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model, this study analyzes the effects of two forms of FWA—flexibility as a contribution and flexibility as an inducement—on employee performance through a pluralist frame of reference. The research investigates the mediating role of employee well-being and the moderating effects of e-work self-efficacy, work autonomy, and social support on employee performance across both forms of FWA.

An online survey was conducted to collect data based on a cross-sectional design, yielding a total of 546 valid responses from employees in technology-based industries. The results of Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis indicate that flexibility as a contribution significantly exerts a negative impact on all dimensions of employee performance (task, contextual, and adaptive). In contrast, flexibility as an inducement significantly demonstrates a positive impact on these dimensions, with partial mediation effects from psychological, social, and physical well-being, particularly in the pathway of flexibility as an inducement. Furthermore, e-work self-efficacy, work autonomy, and social support were found to moderate these relationships, though not uniformly across all dimensions of employee performance and well-being. These findings suggest that flexibility as an inducement tends to enhance employee performance and well-being, whereas flexibility as a contribution may serve as a source of stress that is detrimental to employees unless mitigated by specific structural, psychological, and social factors."

"Sumber daya manusia merupakan aspek penting dalam perusahaan. Untuk itu, penting bagi manajemen SDM untuk mengatur sumber daya manusia perusahaan untuk mencapai kepuasan kerja karyawan dan keseimbangan antara kehidupan dan pekerjaan karyawan. Unsur work-life balance merupakan salah satu yang terpenting dalam mencapai kepuasan kerja karyawan. Hal ini juga dapat membantu mengurangi jumlah turnover intention yang sering terjadi pada perusahaan advertising agency. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Flexible Work Arrangements (FWA), Turnover Intention, Work-life Balance, dan Job Satisfaction pada karyawan advertising agency. Penelitian akan dilakukan terhadap 210 responden yakni pegawai tetap dengan menggunakan alat ukur SRQ-20 (Self-Reporting Questioner -20), IPWQ (Individual Performance Work Questionnaire) dan menganalisis pengaruhnya menggunakan PLS SEM. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara online dan menggunakan teknik convenience sampling dan dilakukan selama 1 bulan. Hasil kajian tersebut menunjukkan adanya pengaruh positif dari praktif flexible work arrangement terhadap job satisfaction dan work-life balance. Sementara, dengan flexible work arrangemnet, work-life balance, dan job satisfaction yang tinggi memberikan pengaruh negatif terhadap turnover intention. Implikasi manajerial dari penelitian ini dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai solusi untuk meningkatkan kepuasan kerja, keseimbangan antara kerja dan kehidupan pribadi serta dapat menurunkan angka turnover intention.

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Human resources are an important aspect in the company. For this reason, it is important for Human Resource management to regulate the company's human resources to achieve employee job satisfaction and work-life balance. The element of work-life balance is one of the most important in achieving employee job satisfaction. This can also help reduce the number of turnover intentions that often occur in advertising agency companies.This study aims to determine the effect of Flexible Work Arrangements (FWA), Turnover Intention, Work-life Balance, and Job Satisfaction on advertising agency employees. The research will be conducted on 210 respondents, namely permanent employees, using the measuring instrument SRQ-20 (Self-Reporting Questioner -20), IPWQ (Individual Performance Work Questionnaire) and analyzing its effect using PLS SEM. Data collection was done online and using convenience sampling technique and was carried out for 1 month. The results of this study indicate that there is a positive effect of practical flexible work arrangements on job satisfaction and work-life balance. Meanwhile, with high flexible work arrangements, work-life balance, and job satisfaction proved they have a negative influence on turnover intention. The result from this research could be considered as managerial implication for a solution to increase job satisfaction, work-life balance, and reduce turnover intention."

"Perusahaan perlu kemampuan adaptasi dalam memberikan lingkungan kerja yang fleksibel yang memiliki dampak langsung dan/atau tidak langsung pada kinerja pekerjaan. Flexible work arrangement (FWA) saat ini sudah menjadi tren di banyak perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis FWA terhadap employee performance dengan supervisor support dan work engagement sebagai mediasi. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan pengambilan data melalui metode survei. Jumlah responden terkumpul sebanyak 316 karyawan yang bekerja perusahaan startup digital di Indonesia. Data diolah menggunakan metode analisis Structural Equation Model (SEM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan melalui mediasi work engagement dan supervisor support berpengaruh pada hubungan FWA terhadap employee performance. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan work engagement sebagai mediasi hubungan antara supervisor support dan employee performance. Supervisor support dalam bentuk dukungan bantuan pada karyawan membuat mereka merasa lebih dihargai sehingga memengaruhi kinerja pekerjaan dan keterlibatan kerja yang tinggi meningkatkan kinerja karyawan saat menggunakan pengaturan kerja fleksibel. 

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To cope with unprecedented change, remote work provides organizations with an option for a flexible work arrangement (FWA) environment to maintain performance during turbulent situations, recent research has reported that the practice has gained popularity among employees. It is essential to deepen our knowledge about the performance of employees in the context of FWA because the results of previous studies are contradictory. This study aims to examine the mediating role of work engagement and supervisor support on the relationship between FWA and employee performance. The data were collected from 316 employees working in digital startup companies in Indonesia. The research is analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results show work engagement and supervisor support as a mediating role have an effect on the relationship between FWA and employee performance. The results found work engagement as a mediating relationship between supervisor support and employee performance. Supervisory support in the form of support for employees makes them feel more valued so it affects job performance and high work involvement improves employee performance while practicing flexible work arrangements "

"Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh Work from Home pada Work Life Conflict, dengan employee well-being dan time pressure sebagai mediator pada karyawan swasta di Jabodetabek. Data terkumpul dari 270 karyawan swasta di Jabodetabek melalui survei daring. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) digunakan untuk memeriksa kecocokan keseluruhan model dan menguji kausalitas antar konstruk. Temuan menunjukan bahwa Work from Home berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap Work Life Conflict secara langsung. Lebih lanjut, hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengaruh work from home terhadap work-life conflict dimediasi parsial oleh employee well-being dan time pressure. Dengan menggunakan hasil penelitian ini, praktisi diharapkan dapat menyoroti apakah perusahaan memiliki kebutuhan untuk mengembangkan kebijakan atau program tertentu terkait praktik work from home untuk mengurangi work-life conflict pada karyawan.

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The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of work from home on work-life conflict, with employee well-being and time pressure as mediators on private sector employees in Jakarta Metropolitan Area. Data was collected from 270 non-essential private sector employees through an online survey. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to analyse the data. The findings show that work from home a has a direct and significant negative effect on work-life conflict. Moreover, the results showed that the effect of work from home on work-life conflict was partially mediated by employee well-being and time pressure. This study highlights whether companies have the need to develop certain policies or programs related to the practice of work from home on private sector employees in Jakarta Metropolitan Area."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara pengaturan kerja fleksibel (Flexible Work Arrangement) dengan pengambilan keputusan secara etis (Ethical Decision Making) yang dimediasi oleh keterlibatan karyawan (Employee Engagement). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian korelasional yang dilakukan secara kuantitatif dengan menggunakan skala. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui cross sectional study dengan melakukan survei secara online. Sebanyak 301 data partisipan digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Data diolah dengan menggunakan model 4 PROCESS, mediasi Hayes (2018). Hasil penelitian ini  menunjukkan bahwa Flexible Work Arrangement mempengaruhi Ethical Decision Making secara langsung dengan nilai efek sebesar 0,66. Sementara nilai pengaruh antara Flexible Work Arrangement terhadap Ethical Decision Making melalui mediasi Employee Engagement  adalah sebesar 0,80. Employee Engagement memiliki peran dalam memediasi hubungan antara Flexible Work Arrangement dan Ethical Decision Making secara parsial. Korelasi hubungan antara Flexible Work Arrangement terhadap Ethical Decision Making lebih besar melalui mediasi Employee Engagement dibandingkan dengan korelasi secara langsung. Sehingga penerapan Flexible Work Arrangement dapat menjadi anteseden untuk Employee Engagement yang akan dapat meningkatkan Ethical Decision Making pada karyawan di dalam organisasi.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate  the influence of Flexible Work Arrangements (FWA) on Ethical Decision Making (EDM) which is mediated by Employee Engagement (EE). This is a correlational study conducted quantitavely using scales. Data is collected by cross sectional study with an online survey. This study using 301 participant’s data. Data is processed by model 4 PROCESS, mediation Hayes (2018).

The result shows that the direct effect of flexible work arrangement on Ethical Decision Making is 0,6567. While the effect of flexible work arrangement on ethical decision making through the mediation of employee engagement is 0,8013. Employee engagement has a role in mediating the influence of flexible work arrangement on ethical decision making partially. There is a greater correlation between the influence of flexible work arrangement on ethical decision making through the mediation of employee engagement compare to direct effect. Flexible work arrangement can be an antecedent of employee engagement that improve ethical decision making of employees in organizations."

"ABSTRACTFlexible Work Arrangements: The Perceived Impact of Alternative Work Schedule and Flexible Workplace on Job Satisfaction Balancing work and life circumstances have become a critical aspect of businesses today. This study provides the first investigation of two essential forms of flexible work arrangements, mainly alternative work schedule and flexible workplace, and the relationship with job satisfaction. Drawing on Herzbergs two-factor theory, spillover, and work-family enrichment theory, this study proposes that flexible work arrangements are positively related to job satisfaction. A final sample of 31,212 workers in the 28 EU Member States were utilized to test the interrelationships between alternative work schedule, flexible workplace, and job satisfaction; using data from the 6th European Working Condition Survey (2015). The research finds that the relationship between alternative work schedule and job satisfaction is positive. The relationship of a flexible workplace and job satisfaction is also positive. These findings emphasize the importance of different forms of flexible work arrangements to increase satisfaction on job-related aspects.

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ABSTRACTMenyeimbangkan pekerjaan dan kehidupan telah menjadi suatu aspek kritis dalam bisnis masa kini. Studi ini memberikan investigasi pertama mengenai dua bentuk esensial aransemen kerja yang fleksibel, yaitu jadwal kerja alternatif dan tempat kerja yang fleksibel, dan hubungannya dengan kepuasan kerja. Mengacu kepada teori dua faktornya Herzberg, spillover, dan teori elvetica work-family enrichment, studi ini mengajukan bahwa aransemen kerja yang fleksibel memiliki: Helvetica hubungan yang positif terhadap kepuasan kerja. Sampel akhir dari 31.212 pekerja di 28 Negara Anggota Uni Eropa (UE) digunakan untuk menguji hubungan timbal balik antara jadwal kerja alternatif, tempat kerja yang fleksibel, dan kepuasan kerja; menggunakan data dari Survei. Kondisi Kerja Eropa ke-6 (2015). Riset tersebut menemukan bahwa hubungan antara jadwal kerja alternatif dan kepuasan kerja adalah positif. Hubungan tempat kerja yang fleksibel dan kepuasan kerja juga positif. Temuan ini menekankan pentingnya berbagai bentuk aransemen kerja yang fleksibel dalam meningkatkan kepuasan pada aspek yang terkait dengan pekerjaan."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh flexibility of work terhadap employee productivity dengan work life balance dan employee wellbeing sebagai variabel mediasi pada karyawan perusahaan e-commerce di Jabodetabek. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan metode survei pada karyawan perusahaan e-commerce di Jabodetabek. Peneliti menggunakan metode Average Variance Extracted (AVE) untuk uji validitas dan Cronbach;s Alpha utntuk uji reliabilitas. 135 data responden yang berhasil didapatkan dioleh dengan Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) menggunakan aplikasi SmartPLS. Hasil temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa work life balance dan employee wellbeing mempunyai pengaruh langsung yang signifikan terhadap employee porductivity. Selanjutnya, flexibility of work mempunyai pengaruh langsung dan tak langsung yang signifikan terhadap employee productivity.

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This study aims to analyse the effect of flexibility of work on employee productivity dengan work life balance and employee wellbeing as median variable employees of e-commerce companies in Jabodetabek. This study uses a quantitative approach and survey methods on employees of e-commerce companies in Jabodetabek. The researcher used the Average Variance Extracted (AVE) methot to test the validity and Cronbach’s Alpha to test the reliability. 135 respondent data that were obtained successfully were use Structural Equation Model (SEM) for hypotesis testing. The findings of this study indicate that work life balance and employee wellbeing have a significant direct influence on employee productivity. Furthermore, flexibility of work has significant direct and indirect influence on employee productivity."

"Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh flexible working arrangements terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan kepuasan kerja dan komitmen organisasional sebagai variabel mediasi pada karyawan startup yang berlokasi di Jakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan survei yang terdiri dari 31 pertanyaan utama untuk menghimpun data dari karyawan yang bekerja di startup yang berlokasi di Jakarta. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini terdiri dari 100 sampel yang merupakan karyawan startup yang berlokasi di Jakarta. Dalam melakukan analisis data, penelitian menggunakan uji korelasi dan multiple hierarchical regression. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa flexible working arrangements memiliki pengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan. Kemudian hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh flexible working arrangements terhadap kinerja karyawan melalui kepuasan kerja dan komitmen organisasional.

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The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of flexible working arrangements on employee performance with job satisfaction and organizational commitment as mediating variables for startup employees located in Jakarta. This research is quantitative using a survey consisting of 31 main questions to collect data from employees who work at startups located in Jakarta. The number of samples in this study consisted of 100 samples who were startup employees located in Jakarta. In conducting data analysis, the study used correlation test and multiple hierarchical regression. The results showed that flexible working arrangements have a significant effect on employee performance. Then the results also show that there is an effect of flexible working arrangements on employee performance through job satisfaction and organizational commitment."

"Fleksibilitas kerja semakin menjadi perhatian utama di berbagai sektor industri, terutama dalam konteks kesejahteraan subjektif pekerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hubungan antara pengaturan kerja fleksibel dan kesejahteraan subjektif pada pekerja di sektor industri swasta di Indonesia, khususnya di DKI Jakarta, Banten, dan Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain non-eksperimental korelasional. Partisipan penelitian adalah 87 pekerja berusia 19-60 tahun yang telah bekerja dengan pengaturan kerja fleksibel minimal selama 3 bulan. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang terdiri dari The PERMA-Profiler dan Flexible Working Arrangement Scale (FWAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan positif yang signifikan antara fleksibilitas waktu kerja dan kesejahteraan subjektif (r = 0,487; p < 0,01; two tailed) serta antara fleksibilitas tempat kerja dan kesejahteraan subjektif (r = 0,532; p < 0,01; two tailed). Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa pekerja yang memiliki kontrol lebih besar atas waktu dan lokasi kerja mereka cenderung memiliki tingkat kesejahteraan subjektif yang lebih tinggi. Oleh karena itu, disarankan bagi organisasi untuk merancang kebijakan kerja yang lebih fleksibel dan memberikan dukungan yang memadai untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan pekerja.

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Work flexibility has increasingly become a major focus in various industrial sectors, especially concerning the subjective well-being of employees. This study aims to examine the relationship between flexible working arrangements and subjective well-being among workers in the private sector in Indonesia, particularly in DKI Jakarta, Banten, and West Java. This research employs a quantitative method with a non-experimental correlational design. The participants of the study are 87 employees aged 19-60 years who have been working with flexible working arrangements for at least 3 months. Data were collected through questionnaires consisting of The PERMA- Profiler and the Flexible Working Arrangement Scale (FWAS). The results of the study show a significant positive relationship between flexible working hours and subjective well-being (r = 0,487; p < 0,01; two tailed) as well as between flexible work location and subjective well-being (r = 0,532; p < 0,01; two tailed). These findings indicate that employees who have greater control over their work hours and locations tend to have higher levels of subjective well-being. Therefore, it is recommended for organizations to design more flexible work policies and provide adequate support to enhance employee well-being."

"Flexible working arrangements (FWA) yang didukung oleh work-family culture (WFC) – dapat menjadi solusi untuk mengurangi persepsi karyawan tentang work-family conflict (WFCON) yang pada akhirnya akan meningkatkan job satisfaction (JS) karyawan. Berbagai penelitian menunjukkan pentingnya intervensi organisasi untuk mendukung keterkaitan antara peran pekerja dalam kehidupan pribadi dan profesional karyawannya. Belum banyak penelitian tentang topik ini di Asia dimana kasus work-family conflict lebih banyak dialami oleh karyawan perempuan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan pengaruh hubungan antara FWA dan WFC dengan memediasi WFCON terhadap JS karyawan wanita. Penelitian ini menggunakan hasil survei terhadap 295 karyawan wanita dari perusahaan jasa Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK) dengan menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) sebagai metode analisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar karyawan wanita memiliki persepsi positif tentang flexible working arrangements (FWA), yang memengaruhi job satisfaction (JS) secara keseluruhan. Variabel work-family culture (WFC) berperan signifikan dalam meningkatkan kepuasan kerja dengan mengurangi work-family conflict (WFCON). Sedangkan pada hubungan pengaruh tidak langsung, diidentifikasi bahwa WFCON memediasi hubungan WFC terhadap JS serta pada hubungan FWA terhadap JS. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi berupa penelitian bagi manajer SDM khususnya pada organisasi tentang dampak penerapan FWA dan budaya kerja-keluarga bagi JS melalui peran mediasi konflik kerja-keluarga untuk dapat menggali lebih jauh terkait hal-hal tersebut.

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Reduced employee perceptions of work-family conflict (WFCON) can be achieved by flexible working arrangements (FWA) supported by work-family culture (WFC), which will ultimately lead to an increase in job satisfaction (JS). Several studies highlight the value of organizational interventions in establishing connections between employees' roles in their personal and professional life. Yet, research on this subject is lacking in Asia, where female employees are more likely to face work-family conflicts. This research aims to clarify how FWA and WFC affect on JS of female employees through the mediating role of WFCON. This study uses the results of a survey of 295 female employees from Information and Communication Technology (ICT) service companies using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) as a data analysis method. The results showed that most female employees positively perceived flexible working arrangements (FWA), which influenced overall job satisfaction. The work-family culture variable plays a significant role in increasing job satisfaction by reducing work-family conflict. In the indirect influence relationship, the identification of WFCON mediates the relationship between WFC and JS also between FWA and JS. This research is expected to contribute to the form of research for HR managers, especially in organizations about the impact of implementing FWA and work-family culture for JS through the mediation role of work-family conflicts to be able to explore further related to these things."