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Abstrak :
Indonesian Journal of Dentistry 2006; Edisi Khusus KPPIKG XIV: 32-36 Stress is hypothesized as a common pathway for several related chronic diseases of man. Psychosocial stress as modified by perceptions and coping by patients can lead to physical processes. Psychoneuroimmunologic (PNI) studies have suggested that psychosocial factors can alter immune function and increase vulnerability to illnesses. The patients also have high sensitivity to periodontal disease (PD). This article described the association of stress as a physiological respons to diseases such as PD, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and inflammatory bowel disease. The psychosocial stress can lead to physiological processes through 1) the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis leading to glucocortico-steroid secretion, 2) the autonomic nervous system, resulting in the release of catecholamine; or 3) the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, resulting in the release of sex hormones. The processes may affects on chronic diseases. It can be concluded that psychosocial stress in periodontal disease patients must be considered and social supports must be provided in order to achieve an optimum periodontal therapy result.;Stress is hypothesized as a common pathway for several related chronic diseases of man. Psychosocial stress as modified by perceptions and coping by patients can lead to physical processes. Psychoneuroimmunologic (PNI) studies have suggested that psychosocial factors can alter immune function and increase vulnerability to illnesses. The patients also have high sensitivity to periodontal disease (PD). This article described the association of stress as a physiological respons to diseases such as PD, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and inflammatory bowel disease. The psychosocial stress can lead to physiological processes through 1) the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis leading to glucocortico-steroid secretion, 2) the autonomic nervous system, resulting in the release of catecholamine; or 3) the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, resulting in the release of sex hormones. The processes may affects on chronic diseases. It can be concluded that psychosocial stress in periodontal disease patients must be considered and social supports must be provided in order to achieve an optimum periodontal therapy result.

Abstrak :
Instansi XYZ di Serpong menerapkan jadwal kerja shift untuk keperluan pengoperasian dan pengamanan fasilitas nuklir dan sistem pendukungnya. Jadwal kerja shift dibagi menjadi 2 shift (12 jam per hari) dan 3 shift (8 jam per hari). Kondisi waktu kerja yang panjang dan jadwal kerja dengan sistem shift membuat karyawan lebih berisiko mengalami fatigue. Dari sudut pandang ini, penelitian dilakukan untuk menganalisis faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan fatigue pada karyawan Instansi XYZ di Serpong. Penelitian dengan desain studi cross sectional dilakukan pada 320 karyawan Instansi XYZ di Serpong. Kuesioner yang telah divalidasi digunakan untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang karakteristik individu (usia, jenis kelamin, IMT, dan status kesehatan), gaya hidup (durasi tidur, hutang tidur, kualitas tidur, kebersihan tidur, aktivitas fisik, kebiasaan minum kafein, dan kebiasaan merokok), fisik (punggung statis, punggung dinamis, bahu/lengan, pergelangan tangan, dan leher), dan psikososial (waktu kerja, kerja shift, tuntutan kerja, dukungan sosial, kepuasan kerja, dan stres kerja). Tes deskriptif dan analisis regresi linier ganda digunakan untuk analisis statistik. Analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa umur, lama tidur, higiene tidur, jadwal kerja, dan stres kerja merupakan faktor yang signifikan dapat memprediksi kelelahan pada karyawan Instansi XYZ di Serpong. Berdasarkan besarnya nilai koefisien B maka faktor psikososial (jadwal kerja dan stres kerja) yang lebih dominan mempengaruhi terjadinya kelelahan. ......The XYZ Institution in Serpong applies a shift work schedule for the purposes of operating and securing nuclear facilities and supporting systems. The shift work schedule is divided into 2 shifts (12 hours per day) and 3 shifts (8 hours per day). Long working time conditions and shift work schedules make workers more at risk of fatigue. From this point of view, the study was conducted to analyze risk factors related to fatigue among workers of XYZ Institution. This descriptive-cross-sectional study was carried out on 320 workers of XYZ Institution in Serpong. A validated self-reported questionnaire was used to obtain information on individual characteristics (i.e. age, gender, BMI, and health status), lifestyle (i.e. sleep duration, sleep debt, sleep quality, sleep hygiene, physical activity, caffeine drinking habits, and smoking habits), physical (i.e. back static, back moving, shoulder/arm, wrist, and neck), and psychosocial (i.e. working time, shift work, work demand, social support, job satisfaction, and work stress) factors. Descriptive tests and multiple linear regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. Multivariate analysis showed that age, sleep duration, sleep hygiene, work schedule, and work stress as the most significant predictors of fatigue in workers at the XYZ Institution. Based on the magnitude of the coefficient value B, psychosocial factors (work schedule and work stress) are more dominant factors affecting fatigue.

Abstrak :
Berdasarkan data Health and Safety Executive (HSE) pada tahun 2016 terdapat 507.000 pekerja yang menderita gangguan otot rangka. Berdasarkan data HSE, industri konstruksi merupakan salah satu dari tiga jenis industri dengan tingkat gangguan otot rangka tertinggi periode tahun 2014 - 2016. Salah satu penyebab utama terjadinya kecelakaan kerja dan kecacatan pekerja di negara negara maju dan berkembang adalah gangguan otot rangka. Peneitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor risiko dan keluhan gangguan otot rangka pada pekerja proyek Konstruksi Pembangunan Prasarana LRT Jabodebek Depo Jatimulya tahun 202. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain studi cross sectional yang dilakukan pada bulan Agustus – Desember 2021 dengan menggunakan data primer dan sekunder. Data faktor lingkungan, psikososial dan individu diambil menggunakan kuesioner yang dikembangkan oleh Ramdhan (2021). Data postur kerja diambil menggunakan menggunakan metode ergonomic risk assesment REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assesment). Data keluhan gangguan otot rangka menggunakan Nordic Body Map dengan mengambil batasan bahwa keluhan gangguan otot rangka yang terjadi dialami dalam tujuh hari terakhir. Data kemudian dianalisis dengan uji statistik chi square. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 71,9% responden merasakan adanya keluhan gangguan otot rangka dan 28,1% responden tidak merasakan adanya keluhan gangguan otot rangka. Dari penelitian ini juga diketahui terdapat hubungan antara postur kerja (OR = 2,372), tuntutan kerja (OR=3,273), stress kerja (OR=3,452), kepuasan kerja (OR=6,741) dan dukungan sosial (OR=2765) dengan keluhan gangguan otot rangka pada pekerja (p<0,05). Sedangkan faktor lingkungan (temperature), faktor individu (umur, lama kerja, konsumsi rokok dan indeks masa tubuh) diketahui tidak memiliki hubungan dengan keluhan gangguan otot rangka pada pekerja (p>0,05). ......Based on data from the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) in 2016, there were 507,000 workers suffering from musculoskeletal disorder. Based on HSE data, the construction industry is one of the three types of industries with the highest level of musculoskeletal disorder in the period 2014 - 2016. One of the main causes of work accidents and worker disability in developed and developing countries is musculoskeletal disorder. This study aims to analyze the risk factors and complaints of musculoskeletal disorder in workers of the Jabodebek LRT Infrastructure Development Project Depo Jatimulya in 202. This study is a quantitative study with a cross sectional study design conducted in August – December 2021 using primary and secondary data. secondary. Data on environmental, psychosocial and individual factors were taken using a questionnaire developed by Ramdhan (2021). Work posture data was taken using the REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment) ergonomic risk assessment method. The data on complaints of skeletal muscle disorders uses the Nordic Body Map by taking the limitation that complaints of skeletal muscle disorders that have occurred have been experienced in the last seven days. The data were then analyzed by chi square statistical test. The results of the study showed that 71.9% of respondents felt complaints of skeletal muscle disorders and 28.1% of respondents did not feel any complaints of skeletal muscle disorders. From this study, it is also known that there is a relationship between work posture (OR = 2,372), work demands (OR = 3,273), job stress (OR = 3,452), job satisfaction (OR = 6.741) and social support (OR = 2765) with complaints of disorders. skeletal muscle in workers (p<0.05). Meanwhile, environmental factors (temperature), individual factors (age, length of work, cigarette consumption and body mass index) are known to have no relationship with complaints of skeletal muscle disorders in workers (p>0.05).

Abstrak :
Pekerja pada industri kayu lapis memiliki risiko yang cukup tinggi untuk mengalami gangguan otot rangka dikarenakan aktivitas kerjanya banyak melibatkan postur yang tidak netral. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor risiko fisik, psikososial dan individu yang berkaitan dengan keluhan gangguan otot rangka. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan April-Juni 2019 yang melibatkan 125 pekerja industri kayu lapis di PT X Kabupaten Temanggung. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi yang bersifat cross sectional. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk pengambilan data antara lain form Quick Exposure Check (QEC), kombinasi kuesioner psikososial dan Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ). Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara; status merokok dengan keluhan pada leher, faktor risiko bahu dengan keluhan pada bahu, dukungan sosial dengan keluhan pada punggung bawah, dan kerja monoton dengan keluhan pada punggung bawah. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan pengendalian dan intervensi lebih lanjut untuk mengurangi risiko keluhan gangguan otot rangka pada pekerja industri kayu lapis.

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Workers in the plywood industry have a high risk of musculoskeletal disorders because their work activities involve awkward postures. The purpose of this study was to analyze physical, psychosocial and individual risk factors associated with musculoskeletal symptoms. This research conducted in April-June 2019 involving 125 workers in the plywood industry at PT X Temanggung Regency, Central Java. This study used a cross sectional study design. The instruments used for collecting data included Quick Exposure Check (QEC) form, a combination of psychosocial questionnaires and the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ). The results of this research indicate that there is a significant association between; smoking status with complaints of the neck, shoulder risk factors with shoulder complaints, social support with complaints of lower back, and monotonous work with complaints of lower back. Therefore, further control and intervention is needed to reduce the risk of complaints of musculoskeletal disorders in plywood industry workers.

Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini ingin mencari tahu faktor apa yang membuat seorang pemilih memutuskan untuk memilih satu kandidat dan tidak memilih kandidat lainnya. Penelitian ini membahas pengaruh faktor sosiologis (agama, suku, jenis kelamin, keluarga dan peer group), faktor psikososial (orientasi isu, orientasi kandidat, identifikasi partai politik), pilihan rasional (prospectives voting, retrospectives voting) dan vote buying terhadap preferensi pemilih. Penelitian ini juga membahas faktor yang dominan di antara faktor-faktor tersebut dalam mempengaruhi preferensi pemilih. Dengan melakukan metode kuantitatif laboratory experimental, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa ada empat faktor dominan yang sangat mempengaruhi preferensi pemilih, yaitu: orientasi isu, orientasi kandidat, agama dan vote buying. Sehingga, dapat diinterpretasikan bahwa pemilih lebih rasional namun terjebak dalam pragmatisme politik yang muncul sebagai dampak dari kekecewaan dan rasa frustasi terhadap kinerja para elit politik.

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ABSTRACT
This study examines why voters voted the way they did: what factors make a voter decides to choose one candidate over the others. This study analyzes the influence of sociological factors (religion, ethnicity, gender, family and peer group), psychosocial factors (issues orientation, candidates orientation, party identification), rational preferences factors (prospectives voting, retrospectives voting) and vote buying on voter preference. The study also determines the most dominant factor among these factors in influencing voter preference. Using quantitative laboratory experimental method, results show that there are four dominant factors that influence voter preference: issue orientation, candidate orientation, religion and vote buying. Thus, it can be interpretated that voters are more rational, but they are currently being trapped in a political pragmatism resulted from desperation and frustration toward political leaders’ performance, This study examines why voters voted the way they did: what factors make a voter decides to choose one candidate over the others. This study analyzes the influence of sociological factors (religion, ethnicity, gender, family and peer group), psychosocial factors (issues orientation, candidates orientation, party identification), rational preferences factors (prospectives voting, retrospectives voting) and vote buying on voter preference. The study also determines the most dominant factor among these factors in influencing voter preference. Using quantitative laboratory experimental method, results show that there are four dominant factors that influence voter preference: issue orientation, candidate orientation, religion and vote buying. Thus, it can be interpretated that voters are more rational, but they are currently being trapped in a political pragmatism resulted from desperation and frustration toward political leaders’ performance]

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Kecelakaan yang melibatkan pengemudi truk yang mengalami fatigue cukup tinggi, studi untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan fatigue menjadi sangat penting. Tesis ini menganalisis faktor-faktor risiko yang berhubungan terhadap fatigue pada pengemudi truk trailer di PT STAL dan PT MMS di tahun 2019. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode Cross Sectional. Untuk pengukuran fatigue digunakan kuesioner SOFI (Swedish Occupational Fatigue Inventory) dan aplikasi telepon pintar Sleep 2 Peak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa shift kerja malam hari (p < 0,05), Kebiasaan minum kopi (<0,01), Kebiasaan mimum mimuman berenergi (p < 0,05), kebiasaan berolah raga (p < 0,05), Waktu mengemudi (p < 0,05) dan dukungan rekan (p < 0,01) memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan Fatigue pada metode SOFI. Untuk pengukuran metode S2P faktor yang berhubungan bermakna adalah bekerja shift malam (p<0,01), kebiasaan mimum kopi (p < 0,05), atau mimuman berenergi (p = 0,05), dukungan rekan ( p < 0,001) dan Sleep Hygiene ( p <0,001). Hasil penelitian menyarankan perusahan harus dan pengemudi harus adalah shift kerja malam hari (p <0,01), kebiasaan minum kopi (p < 0,05), menerapkan pola hidup sehat dengan menghindari minum kopi, meningkatkan sleep hygiene untuk meningkatkan kualitas tidur dan menjaga kerjasama team yang sudah baik.

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ABSTRACT
Accident involved truck driver who experiences fatigue is high, to undertand risk factors related to driver fatigue is important. The focus of this study is to analyze risk factors related to fatigue for truck driver in PT STAL and PT MMS at 2019. This is a qualitative descriptive study with cross sectional design. This study utilized questionnaire SOFI (Swedish Occupational Fatigue Inventory) and smart phone app Sleep 2 Peak. The study result shows night shift work (p < 0,05), driver habit to drink coffee(p < 0,01), or energy drink (p < 0,05), habit to do exercise (p < 0,05), duration of driving (p < 0,05) and support from colleague(p < 0,05), are significantly related to fatigue. While measurement of fatigue with Sleep 2 Peak shows night shift work (p < 0,01), habit to drink coffee (p < 0,05), or energy drink(p < 0,05), support from colleague (p < 0,001) and sleep hygiene (p < 0,001) has significant relation with fatigue. The study suggests to company and drivers to practices health behaviour such as avoid drinking coffee and energy drink, improve sleep quality with practicing good sleep hygiene and keep to implement good teamwork.

Abstrak :
Dua tahun pandemi COVID-19, perusahaan mulai kembali memberlakukan WFO dan mulai mempertimbangkan sistem kerja baru yaitu remote working. Perubahan sistem kerja ini berdampak pada perubahan job context (hubungan interpersonal, home-work interface) dan job content (desain ruang kerja, beban kerja, durasi waktu kerja, sistem kerja) yang dapat menyebabkan bahaya psikososial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor psikososial terhadap stres kerja pada pekerja perkantoran sebelum dan saat pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain studi cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan pada pekerja perkantoran yang bekerja dengan sistem WFH dan hybrid (WFH+WFO) di DKI Jakarta pada bulan Juni sampai Juli 2022 dengan menyebarkan kuesioner secara online (google form) kepada 142 responden. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Chi-Square dan t-test. Dari hasil analisis Chi-Square terdapat hubungan yang signifikan untuk variabel desain ruang kerja sebelum pandemi (p 0,005), beban kerja sebelum pandemi (p 0,003) dan saat pandemi (p 0,000), serta durasi waktu kerja saat pandemi (p 0,050) terhadap stres kerja. Dari hasil uji t-test terdapat peningkatan yang signifikan antara stres kerja sebelum dan saat pandemi (1,19; Sig.2-tailed 0,005), beban kerja sebelum dan saat pandemi (0,56; Sig.2-tailed 0,001), serta durasi waktu kerja sebelum dan saat pandemi (0.42; Sig.2-tailed 0,000). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa variabel tersebut berpengaruh pada stres kerja yang dialami oleh pekerja perkantoran sebelum dan saat pandemi COVID-19 di DKI Jakarta. ......Two years the COVID-19 pandemic, companies have started to re-enforce WFO and are starting to consider a new work system, namely remote working. This work system has an impact on changes in job context (interpersonal relations, home-work interface) and job content (workspace design, workload, working time duration, work system) which can cause psychosocial hazards. This study aims to analyze psychosocial factors on work stress in office workers before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional study design. The research was conducted on office workers working with the WFH and hybrid systems (WFH+WFO) in DKI Jakarta from June to July 2022 by distributing questionnaires online (google form) to 142 respondents. The analysis used in this study is the Chi-Square and t-test. From the results of the Chi-Square analysis there is a significant relationship for workspace design variables before the pandemic (p 0.005), workload before the pandemic (p 0.003) and during the pandemic (p 0.000), and working time duration during the pandemic (p 0.050) to work stress. From the results of the t-test there was a significant increase between work stress before and during the pandemic (1.19; Sig.2-tailed 0.005), workload before and during the pandemic (0.56; Sig.2-tailed 0.001), and duration of working time before and during the pandemic (0.42; Sig.2-tailed 0.000). The conclusion from this study is that these variables affect the work stress experienced by office workers before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in DKI Jakarta.