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"ABSTRAKPelaksanaan pendidikan inklusif di Indonesia menghadapi tantangan khususnya dari guru karena guru harus melakukan perubahan dalam dukungan instruksional untuk mengakomodasi kebutuhan belajar siswa berkebutuhan khusus di kelas inklusif. Hasil penelitian sebelumnya menunjukan bahwa faktor yang memengaruhi kemampuan guru untuk dapat memberikan dukungan instruksional yang baik adalah tingkat self efficacy guru. Penelitian ini berdasarkan teori Bandura 1997 yang menyatakan bahwa self efficacy merupakan variabel yang bergantung pada konteks pekerjaan yang akan dilakukan yaitu self efficacy guru dalam pelaksanaan pendidikan inklusif. Untuk melihat hubungan antar variabel digunakan kerangka teori Job Demand-Resources yang menyatakan bahwa dalam melakukan sebuah pekerjaan, tingkat self efficacy karyawan, melalui mediasi oleh tingkat keterlibatan kerjanya, akan mempengaruhi performa kerja. Melalui kerangka teori ini maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran mediasi dari keterlibatan guru terhadap pengaruh self efficacy guru dalam pelaksanaan pendidikan inklusif terhadap dukungan instruksional guru SD Inklusif Jakarta N = 250 . Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif yang menggunakan alat ukur TEIP, ETS dan Instructional Support. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa keterlibatan guru memediasi secara parsial hubungan antara self efficacy guru dalam pelaksanaan pendidikan inklusif dengan dukungan instruksional yang diberikan di kelas inklusif.

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ABSTRACTThe implementation of inclusive education in Indonesia faces challenges especially from teachers who have to be able to accomodate instructions towards student with special educational needs SEN in their classroom. Previous research showed teachers rsquo self efficacy was the factor influencing teachers rsquo abilities in giving the right instructional support. This study was based on Bandura rsquo s theory stating that self efficacy is a context sensible variable depending on the task which is the implementation of inclusive education. This study also used Job Demand Resource JD R theoretical framework saying that employees rsquo self efficacy is mediated by work engagement and affecting their job performance. With JD R framework, this study was conducted to know the role of teachers rsquo engagement as mediator in the relationship between teachers rsquo s self efficacy in inclusive education and instructional support from primary school teachers in Jakarta N 250 . This study was conducted quantitatively using the TEIP, ETS and Instructional Support scale. This study revealed that teachers rsquo engagement is partially mediated the relationship between teachers rsquo self efficacy in inclusive education and instructional support."

"Pelaksanaan pendidikan inklusif merupakan sebuah tantangan bagi guru karena guru harus dapat mengakomodasi kebutuhan belajar siswa reguler dan siswa berkebutuhan khusus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara sikap terhadap pendidikan inklusif dan dukungan emosional guru, serta memeroleh gambaran dukungan emosional guru di SD Negeri inklusif Depok N = 40. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Metode kuantitatif menggunakan MATIES VI dan kuesioner dukungan emosional, sedangkan metode kualitatif dengan observasi melalui rekaman video. Hasil penelitian menemukan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara sikap guru terhadap pendidikan inklusif dan dukungan emosional guru. Diketahui pula bahwa perilaku dukungan emosional guru yang lebih sering muncul yaitu pada dimensi iklim positif.

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The implementation of inclusive education creates challenges for teachers who have to be able to accommodate learning needs of students with and without special educational needs SEN . The aims of this study were to investigate the correlation between teachers rsquo attitudes towards inclusive education and their emotional supports and to obtain the overview of teachers rsquo emotional supports on public primary inclusive schools in Depok N 40.

This study were conducted by quantitative and qualitative methods. Quantitative method using the MATIES VI and the emotional supports scale, and qualitative method using observation with video recording.

This study revealed that teachers rsquo attitudes towards inclusive education were related to their emotional supports. It was also found that teachers more frequently provide emotional supports on positive climate dimension."

"Sikap dan dukungan instruksional yang diberikan oleh guru kepada anak berkebutuhan khusus merupakan faktor penting dalam keberhasilan pendidikan inklusif. Penelitian ini bertujuan 1 untuk melihat hubungan antara sikap dan dukungan instruksional guru, dan 2 melihat dukungan instruksional pemahaman konten, analisis pemecahan masalah, dan kualitas umpan balik seperti apa yang diberikan guru. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dan kualitatif. 40 guru SDN Inklusif diminta mengisi kuesioner MATIES_VI, dan kuesioner dukungan instruksional, dan mengikuti proses perekaman video. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara sikap dan dukungan instruksional guru terhadap anak berkebutuhan khusus. Artinya, semakin positif sikap guru terhadap anak berkebutuhan khusus maka semakin tinggi dukungan instruksional yang diberikan oleh guru kepada anak berkebutuhan khusus ketika proses belajar mengajar di kelas inklusif. Hasil observasi melalui rekaman video menunjukkan bahwa komponen pemahaman konten dari dukungan instruksional sering diberikan oleh guru ketika proses belajar mengajar di kelas inklusif, daripada kedua komponen dukungan instruksional lainnya analisis pemecahan masalah dan kualitas umpan balik. Penelitian ini menyarankan adanya pelaksanaan pelatihan pendidikan inklusif bagi guru secara berkelanjutan, terutama pada pemberian dukungan instruksional guru.

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Teachers' attitudes and teachers' instructional support to special educational needs SEN students is one of the important factors in the success of inclusive education. The purposes of this research were 1 to examine the relationship between teachers' attitude and their instructional support, and 2 to examine teachers' instructional support content understanding, analysis problem solving, and quality of feedback given in the class.

This research were quantitative and qualitative study. 40 primary school teachers were given MATIES VI scale, and instructional support questionnaire, and involved in video recording.

The results have revealed that there is a significant correlations between teachers' attitudes and their instructional support towards SEN students. It means that the more positive the teachers' attitude towards SEN student, the higher the instructional support given in inclusive classrooms.

The observation revealed that the content understanding of the teachers' instructional support is frequently given by the teachers when teaching in inclusive classrooms, rather than the two other components of the teachers' instructional support analysis problem solving, and quality of feedback . This study suggest the implementation of sustained training programs on inclusive education for teachers, especially providing instructional support."

"Guru di sekolah dasar (SD) inklusif menghadapi beragam tantangan yang dapat berdampak pada penurunan performa guru dalam mengajar, termasuk perilaku mengembangkan kreativitas pada siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara self-compassion guru SD inklusif dengan creativity fostering teacher behavior (CFTB). Penelitian yang melibatkan 143 partisipan guru ini menggunakan alat ukur CFTIndex untuk mengukur CFTB dan SWD untuk mengukur self-compassion . Hasil penelitian menggunakan Spearman’s rho menunjukkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara self-compassion dan CFTB pada guru SD inklusif. Di sisi lain, dimensi self-kindness, self-judgment, common humanity, mindfulness , dan overidentification berhubungan secara signifikan dengan CFTB. Namun, hubungan yang tidak signifikan ditemukan pada dimensi isolation dan CFTB. Implikasi hasil penelitian ini adalah dapat menjadi pijakan bagi penelitian selanjutnya yang serupa dan meningkatkan kesadaran bagi pihak sekolah serta guru SD inklusif akan pentingnya self-compassion dalam pelaksanaan CFTB.

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Playing the role of a teacher in an inclusive elementary school does not rule out the possibility of facing challenges that can impact teacher performance in teaching, including fostering student’s creativity. This study aims to determine the relationship between self-compassion and creativity fostering teacher behavior (CFTB) in inclusive elementary school teachers. This study involved 143 participating class teachers and subject teachers at inclusive primary schools with at least 1 year of teaching experience. The instruments used are CFTIndex to measure CFTB  and SWD to measure self-compassion. The results of the study using Spearman's rho showed that there was a significant relationship between self-compassion and CFTB in inclusive elementary school teachers. In addition, the dimensions of self-kindness, self-judgment, common humanity, mindfulness, and overidentification are significantly related to CFTB. However, no significant relationship was found in the dimension of isolation and CFTB. The implication of the results of this study is that it can become a basis for further similar research and increase awareness for schools and inclusive elementary school teachers of the importance of self-compassion in the implementation of CFTB."

"ABSTRAK

Sikap dan strategi pengajaran pada guru di sekolah inklusif memiliki pengaruh yang positif terhadap keberhasilan pendidikan inklusif. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji hubungan antara sikap dan strategi pengajaran gruru. Sebanyak seratus guru yang mengajar di SD inklusif dijadikan sampel dalam penelitian ini.

Hasil penelitian menemukan tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara sikap dan strategi pengajaran guru di SD negeri inklusif. Di sisi lain, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara sikap dan strategi pengajaran guru di SD swasta inklusif. Penelitian ini juga menemukan tidak terdapat perbedaan strategi pengajaran guru di SD negeri Inklusif dan SD swasta inklusif. Sementara itu, terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada komponen kognitif dan afektif sikap terhadap pendidikan inklusif antara guru SD negeri inklusif dan guru SD swasta inklusif. Saran untuk penelitian selanjutnya didiskusikan dalam penelitian ini.

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ABSTRACT

It has been argued that attitudes and teaching strategies of teachers have positive effect on the successful implementation of inclusive education. This study was set up to examine the relationship between atitudes and teaching strategies of teachers. One hundred inclusive primary school teachers were involved in this research.

The results show that there is no significant correlation between attitudes and teaching strategies of teachers working in inclusive public primary school. On the other hand, it was found that teachers’ attitudes in inclusive private primary school has a significant correlation with their teaching strategies. Furthermore, there is a significant difference on cognitive and affective components of attitudes between groups of teachers working in the two types of school.The study

reveals that there is no a significant difference on teaching strategies between these groups. Recommendations for future research are discussed in the study.

"

"Guru sekolah inklusif lebih rentan mengalami stres terkait pekerjaan, yang dapat menyebabkan kelelahan pada guru. Kelelahan tidak hanya berdampak negatif pada kinerja guru, tetapi juga prestasi akademik dan sosial siswa. Studi populasi lain menganjurkan welas asih untuk mencegah kelelahan. Studi ini menguji korelasi antara welas asih dan kelelahan pada guru sekolah dasar (SD) inklusif menggunakan Skala Welas Asih (SCS; Neff, 2003) dan Survei Maslach Burnout Inventory-Educators (MBI-ES; Maslach, Jackson, & Leiter, 1996). ). Pesertanya adalah guru kelas dan guru pendamping khusus (N = 170) di sekolah dasar inklusi di Jakarta Selatan, Bogor, Depok, dan Cimahi. Sesuai dengan hipotesis, skor belas kasihan diri memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan dimensi burnout yaitu hubungan negatif dengan kelelahan emosional dan depersonalisasi, serta hubungan positif dengan prestasi pribadi. Hasil penelitian ini didukung oleh hubungan antara dimensi welas asih dengan dimensi burnout. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa belas kasihan dapat melindungi diri dari kelelahan pada guru sekolah dasar inklusif. Batasan penelitian ini dan saran untuk penelitian selanjutnya dibahas lebih lanjut.

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Inclusive school teachers are more prone to experience work-related stress, which can lead to teacher fatigue. Fatigue not only negatively impacts teacher performance, but also student academic and social performance. Another population study advocates compassion for preventing fatigue. This study examined the correlation between compassion and fatigue in inclusive primary (SD) teachers using the Compassion Scale (SCS; Neff, 2003) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Educators Survey (MBI-ES; Maslach, Jackson, & Leiter, 1996). ). The participants were classroom teachers and special companion teachers (N = 170) in inclusive elementary schools in South Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, and Cimahi. In accordance with the hypothesis, self-compassion scores have a significant relationship with the burnout dimension, namely a negative relationship with emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, and a positive relationship with personal achievement. The results of this study are supported by the relationship between the compassionate dimension and the burnout dimension. The findings suggest that compassion can protect against burnout in inclusive primary school teachers. The limitations of this study and suggestions for future research are discussed further."

"Pelaksanaan pendidikan inklusif memberikan manfaat pada siswa berkebutuhan khusus untuk bisa mengembangkan keterampilan sosialnya guna mendukung proses belajarnya. Dukungan emosional guru memiliki peran penting untuk mengembangkan keterampilan sosial siswa, namun kedua hal tersebut akan semakin kuat hubungannya apabila guru memiliki sikap yang positif terhadap pendidikan inklusif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk melihat peran sikap guru terhadap pendidikan inklusif memoderasi hubungan dukungan emosional guru dan keterampilan sosial siswa berkebutuhan khusus di sekolah dasar inklusif (N = 374). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kuantitatif. Alat tes yang digunakan adalah Multidimensional Attitudes toward Inclusive Education Scale Versi Indonesia (MATIES VI) untuk mengukur sikap guru, kuesioner dukungan emosional guru, dan Social Skills Improvement System (SSIS) form guru untuk keterampilan sosial siswa berkebutuhan khusus. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa setiap komponen sikap guru tidak signifikan memoderasi hubungan dukungan emosional guru dan keterampilan sosial siswa berkebutuhan khusus.

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The implementation of inclusive education benefits students with special needs to be able to develop their social skills to support their learning process. Teacher emotional support has an important role in developing students social skills, but the two things will be stronger if the teacher has a positive attitude towards inclusive education. This study aims to look at the role of teacher attitudes towards inclusive education moderate the relationship between teacher emotional support and social skills of students with special needs in inclusive primary schools (N = 374).

This research was conducted by quantitative methods. The test instrument used is the Multidimensional Attitudes toward the Indonesian Version of Inclusive Education Scale (MATIES VI) to measure teacher attitudes, teacher emotional support questionnaires, and the Social Skills Improvement System (SSIS) teacher form for social skills of students with special needs. The results found that each component of the teachers attitude did not significantly moderate the relationship between the emotional support of the teacher and the social skills of students with special needs."

"Pendidikan inklusif merupakan sistem pendidikan yang dewasa ini diimplementasikan untuk meningkatkan partisipasi anak berkebutuhan khusus (ABK) di sekolah umum. Pada konteks Indonesia, penerapan pendidikan inklusif memiliki beberapa hambatan, termasuk didalamnya adalah peran guru dalam memberikan strategi pengajaran inklusif yang belum optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat peran mediasi teacher efficacy terhadap hubungan antara dukungan sekolah dan strategi pengajaran inklusif di Sekolah Dasar Inklusif. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah BCSQ (Bender Classroom Structure Questionnaire), PSSIE (Perceived School Support for Inclusive Education), dan TEIP (Teacher Efficacy for Inclusive Practice). Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah 324 guru SD inklusif dari 15 provinsi. Hasil analisis mediasi menunjukkan bahwa teacher efficacy memiliki peran mediasi total terhadap hubungan antara dukungan sekolah dan strategi pengajaran inklusif, yaitu dengan direct effect yang tidak signifikan (β=0,1128, p=0,051) dan indirect effect yang signifikan (β=0,2636, [0,1882, 0,3570]). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa dukungan dari sekolah untuk mengimplementasikan pendidikan inklusif akan mempengaruhi efikasi guru dalam mengajar, sehingga akan memunculkan strategi pengajaran inklusif. Saran bagi peneliti selanjutnya dapat melakukan observasi langsung terhadap strategi pengajaran. Hasil dari penelitian ini memiliki implikasi yang kuat untuk meningkatkan praktik pendidikan inklusif di Indonesia, terutama dalam pemberdayaan guru dalam pengajaran inklusif.

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Inclusive education has become the world’s recent strategy to increase student with special needs’ (SEN) participation in mainstream school. In Indonesia, inclusive education has several obstacles, including the role of teachers in giving inclusive teaching strategies that were not optimum. This study investigated the mediation of teacher efficacy towards the relationship between school support and teaching strategies in an inclusive primary school in Indonesia. The measurement used in this study were BCSQ (Bender Classroom Structure Questionnaire), PSSIE (Perceived School Support for Inclusive Education), and TEIP (Teacher Efficacy for Inclusive Practice). The participants were 324 inclusive primary school teachers from 15 provinces. Process Mediation Model analysis revealed that teacher efficacy has a total mediation role in the relationship between school support and inclusive teaching strategies, which shown by significant direct effect (β=0,1128, p=0,051) and insignificant indirect effect (β=0,2636, [0,1882, 0,3570]). This reflects a notion that the supports from school will lead to teacher efficacy in teaching SEN, then effective inclusive teaching strategys will emerge. Further research could consider direct observation of inclusive teaching. The results have strong implications to enhance inclusive education practice in Indonesia, especially for teacher empowerment in terms of inclusive teaching."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara teacher efficacy dan dimensi teacher efficacy dengan sikap guru terhadap pendidikan inklusif di sekolah dasar inklusif negeri. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengukur teacher efficacy adalah Teachers? Sense of Efficacy Scale sedangkan untuk mengukur sikap guru terhadap pendidikan inklusif digunakan Multidimensional Atitude toward Inclusive Education Scale (MATIES). Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah guru-guru di sekolah dasar inklusif negeri (N=100). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara teacher efficacy dan sikap guru terhadap pendidikan inklusif. Dengan kata lain, ketika guru memiliki skor teacher efficacy yang tinggi, guru tersebut cenderung memiliki sikap yang positif terhadap pendidikan inklusif. Sebaliknya, ketika guru memiliki skor teacher efficacy yang rendah, maka guru tersebut cenderung memiliki sikap yang negatif terhadap pendidikan inklusif. Hasil penelitian yang berkaitan dengan dimensi teacher efficacy ditemukan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan pada dimensi instructional strategies & student engagement dengan sikap guru terhadap pendidikan inklusif di sekolah dasar inklusif negeri. Sebaliknya, untuk dimensi classroom management ditemukan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan dengan sikap guru terhadap pendidikan inklusif di sekolah dasar inklusif negeri. Untuk meningkatkan teacher efficacy yang dimiliki oleh guru di sekolah dasar inklusif negeri, pihak sekolah dapat menyediakan fasilitas seperti alat peraga dan guru pendamping khusus serta membatasi jumlah siswa di tiap kelas.

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This research is conducted to find about the relationship between teacher efficacy and dimensions of teacher efficacy with attitude toward inclusive education in public inclusive elementary school. The instruments of this study were Teachers? Sense of Efficacy Scale (to measure teacher efficacy) and Multidimensional Atitude toward Inclusive Education Scale (MATIES) (to measure attitude teacher toward inclusive education). Participants of this study were teacher in public inclusive elementary school (N=100).

The result of research showed that there is a positive significant correlation between teacher efficacy and attitude toward inclusive education in public inclusive elementary school. This finding suggests when teachers have high score in teacher efficacy, they tend to have positive attitude toward inclusive education. On the contrary, when teachers have low score in teacher efficacy, they tend to have negative attitude toward inclusive education.

The results of research related to dimensions of teacher efficacy found that there is positive significant correlation between efficacy in student engagement and efficacy in instructional strategies dimensions with teacher attitude toward inclusive education in public inclusive elementary school. In the other hand, efficacy in classroom management dimension showed there is no positive significant correlation with attitude toward inclusive education in public inclusive elementary school. In order to increase teacher efficacy in public inclusive elementary school, schools can provide facilities such as property to teach, shadow teachers and also to limit the number of student in each class."

"Pelaksanaan pendidikan inklusif di Indonesia masih mengalami masalah seperti rendahnya komitmen guru. Strategi guru sekolah inklusif mengatasi kesulitan dan menghadapi tantangan bisa jadi menentukan keputusan untuk tetap bekerja sebagai guru. Self-compassion merupakan salah satu cara individu untuk menghadapi pengalaman buruk. Penelitian ini menguji hubungan antara komitmen profesi dengan self-compassion guru SD inklusif. Komitmen profesi pada guru diukur dengan Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ) dari Ingarianti (2015) yang disesuaikan dengan teori komitmen profesi yang digunakan. Teori komitmen profesi merujuk pada Coladarci (1992) dengan penyesuaian aspek-aspek komitmen dari Mowday et al. (1979). Self-compassion diukur dengan Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) dari Neff (2003). Hasil analisis korelasi Pearson membuktikan terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara komitmen profesi dengan self-compassion [r(158) = 0,576, p < 0,05]. Tidak ditemukan hubungan antara komitmen profesi dengan jenis kelamin ataupun pengalaman mengajar guru SD inklusif.

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The implementation of inclusive education in Indonesia still encounters problems such as teachers’ low commitment. Inclusive school teachers’ strategies for dealing with difficulties and facing challenges may determine the decision to continue working as a teacher. Self-compassion is one of the ways for an individual to deal with rough experiences. This study examined the relationship between the professional commitment and self-compassion of inclusive elementary school teachers. Teachers' professional commitment is measured by Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ) from Ingarianti (2015) which adapted to the theory of professional commitment used in this research. This theory refers to the professional commitment theory from Coladarci (1992) with adjustments to the aspects of organizational commitment theory from Mowday et al. (1979). Self-compassion is measured by the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) from Neff (2003). The results of Pearson correlation analysis proved that there was a significant positive relationship between professional commitment and self-compassion [r(158) = 0.576, p <0.05]. No relationship was found between professional commitment and gender or teaching experience of inclusive elementary school teachers."